微生物组在癌症发生和进展中的作用：微生物和癌细胞如何利用过剩能量并促进彼此生长。
The Role of the Microbiome in Cancer Initiation and Progression: How Microbes and Cancer Cells Utilize Excess Energy and Promote One Another's Growth.
机构信息
College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Department of Psychology, Center for Social Dynamics and Complexity, Center for Evolution and Medicine, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, PO Box 871104, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1104, USA.
出版信息
Curr Nutr Rep. 2019 Mar;8(1):42-51. doi: 10.1007/s13668-019-0257-2.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
We use an ecological lens to understand how microbes and cancer cells coevolve inside the ecosystems of our bodies. We describe how microbe-cancer cell interactions contribute to cancer progression, including cooperation between microbes and cancer cells. We discuss the role of the immune system in preventing this apparent 'collusion' and describe how microbe-cancer cell interactions lead to opportunities and challenges in treating cancer.
RECENT FINDINGS
Microbiota influence many aspects of our health including our cancer risk. Since both microbes and cancer cells rely on incoming resources for their survival and replication, excess energy and nutrient input from the host can play a role in cancer initiation and progression. Certain microbes enhance cancer cell fitness by promoting proliferation and protecting cancer cells from the immune system. How diet influences these interactions remains largely unknown but recent evidence suggests a role for nutrients across the cancer continuum.
目的综述：我们采用生态视角来理解微生物和癌细胞如何在人体生态系统中共同进化。本文阐述了微生物-癌细胞相互作用如何促进癌症进展，包括微生物与癌细胞之间的合作。我们讨论了免疫系统在阻止这种明显“勾结”中的作用，并描述了微生物-癌细胞相互作用如何为癌症治疗带来机遇和挑战。
最近发现：微生物群影响我们健康的许多方面，包括癌症风险。由于微生物和癌细胞都依赖于宿主提供的资源来生存和复制，因此宿主过多的能量和营养输入可能会在癌症的发生和发展中发挥作用。某些微生物通过促进增殖和保护癌细胞免受免疫系统的攻击来增强癌细胞的适应性。饮食如何影响这些相互作用在很大程度上尚不清楚，但最近的证据表明，营养素在整个癌症进展过程中都发挥了作用。
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