Goosby Bridget J, Heidbrink Chelsea
Department of Sociology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, 742 Oldfather Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States.
Sociol Compass. 2013 Aug 1;7(8):630-643. doi: 10.1111/soc4.12054.
Disparities in African American health remain pervasive and persist transgenerationally. There is a growing consensus that both structural and interpersonal racial discrimination are key mechanisms affecting African American health. The Biopsychosocial Model of Racism as a Stressor posits that the persistent stress of experiencing discrimination take a physical toll on the health of African Americans and is ultimately manifested in the onset of illness. However, the degree to which the health consequences of racism and discrimination can be passed down from one generation to the next is an important avenue of exploration. In this review, we discuss and link literature across disciplines demonstrating the harmful impact of racism on African American physical health and the health of their offspring.
非裔美国人的健康差异仍然普遍存在,且会代代相传。越来越多的人达成共识,即结构性和人际间的种族歧视都是影响非裔美国人健康的关键机制。将种族主义视为压力源的生物心理社会模型认为,持续经历歧视所带来的压力对非裔美国人的健康造成了身体损害,并最终表现为疾病的发作。然而,种族主义和歧视对健康的影响在多大程度上能够代代相传,是一个重要的探索方向。在这篇综述中,我们讨论并联系了跨学科的文献,这些文献证明了种族主义对非裔美国人及其后代身体健康的有害影响。