Higgins H William, Lee Kachiu C, Leffell David J
Department of Dermatology, Section of Cutaneous Oncology and Dermatologic Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine 40 Temple Street 5A, New Haven, CT 06510 USA.
Department of Dermatology, Brown University 593 Eddy Street, APC 10, Providence, RI 02903 USA.
F1000Prime Rep. 2014 May 6;6:34. doi: 10.12703/P6-34. eCollection 2014.
Melanoma is a malignancy of melanocytes or pigment-producing cells located predominantly in the skin. It is less common than other skin cancers but causes the greatest number of skin cancer-related deaths worldwide. The incidence of melanoma continues to increase and early detection is the most promising means of decreasing morbidity and mortality. Currently, physicians perform routine skin cancer screenings for melanoma without the benefit of imaging devices more advanced than handheld magnifiers or dermatoscopes. However, it is possible that the diagnosis of melanoma may be improved with technology that provides diagnostic discrimination beyond what is possible on routine inspection. This article reviews current and emerging technologies to aid in the diagnosis of melanoma. Ultimately, these advances may enhance the early diagnosis of melanoma.
黑色素瘤是一种主要位于皮肤的黑素细胞或色素生成细胞的恶性肿瘤。它比其他皮肤癌少见，但在全球范围内导致的皮肤癌相关死亡人数最多。黑色素瘤的发病率持续上升，早期检测是降低发病率和死亡率最有前景的方法。目前，医生在没有比手持放大镜或皮肤镜更先进的成像设备的情况下对黑色素瘤进行常规皮肤癌筛查。然而，利用能提供超出常规检查所能实现的诊断辨别能力的技术，有可能改善黑色素瘤的诊断。本文综述了有助于黑色素瘤诊断的现有技术和新兴技术。最终，这些进展可能会提高黑色素瘤的早期诊断水平。
