Rabin Laura A, Chi Susan Y, Wang Cuiling, Fogel Joshua, Kann Sarah J, Aronov Avner
a Department of Psychology , Brooklyn College, Queens College, and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York , USA.
Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2014;24(6):868-93. doi: 10.1080/09602011.2014.915855. Epub 2014 May 30.
Despite the relevance of prospective memory to everyday functioning and the ability to live independently, prospective memory tasks are rarely incorporated into clinical evaluations of older adults. We investigated the validity and clinical utility of a recently developed measure, the Royal Prince Alfred Prospective Memory Test (RPA-ProMem), in a demographically diverse, non-demented, community-dwelling sample of 257 older adults (mean age = 80.78 years, 67.7% female) with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI, n = 18), nonamestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI, n = 38), subjective cognitive decline (SCD, n = 83) despite intact performance on traditional episodic memory tests, and healthy controls (HC, n = 118). Those with aMCI and naMCI performed significantly worse than controls on the RPA-ProMem and its subtasks (time-based, event-based, short-term, long-term). Also, those with SCD scored significantly lower than controls on long-term, more naturalistic subtasks. Additional results supported the validity and inter-rater reliability of the RPA-ProMem and demonstrated a relation between test scores and informant reports of real-world functioning. The RPA-ProMem may help detect subtle cognitive changes manifested by individuals in the earliest stages of dementia, which may be difficult to capture with traditional episodic memory tests. Also, assessment of prospective memory can help guide the development of cognitive interventions for older adults at risk for dementia.
尽管前瞻性记忆与日常功能及独立生活能力相关，但前瞻性记忆任务很少被纳入老年人的临床评估中。我们在一个由257名老年人组成的人口统计学特征多样、无痴呆、居住在社区的样本中，研究了一种最近开发的测量方法——皇家阿尔弗雷德王子前瞻性记忆测试（RPA-ProMem）的有效性和临床实用性。这些老年人的平均年龄为80.78岁，女性占67.7%，包括遗忘型轻度认知障碍（aMCI，n = 18）、非遗忘型轻度认知障碍（naMCI，n = 38）、尽管在传统情景记忆测试中表现正常但有主观认知下降（SCD，n = 83）的个体，以及健康对照组（HC，n = 118）。aMCI和naMCI患者在RPA-ProMem及其子任务（基于时间、基于事件、短期、长期）上的表现明显比对照组差。此外，SCD患者在长期、更自然的子任务上的得分明显低于对照组。其他结果支持了RPA-ProMem的有效性和评分者间信度，并证明了测试分数与现实世界功能的 informant 报告之间的关系。RPA-ProMem可能有助于检测痴呆症最早阶段个体表现出的细微认知变化，而这些变化可能难以通过传统情景记忆测试捕捉到。此外，对前瞻性记忆的评估可以帮助指导针对有痴呆风险的老年人的认知干预措施的制定。
