Tunçbilek Semra
Semra Tunçbilek, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ufuk University School of Medicine, 06520 Ankara, Turkey.
World J Gastroenterol. 2014 May 28;20(20):6226-35. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i20.6226.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a public health problem worldwide, being endemic in some parts of the world. It can lead to serious liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular cancer. The differences in host immune response can be one of the reasons for the various clinical presentations of HBV infection. Polymorphisms of genes encoding the proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines, which are responsible for regulation of the immune response, can affect the clinical presentation of the infection. Particularly, the polymorphisms of the genes encoding cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, IL-28B, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, tumor growth factor-β1, and regulatory molecules like vitamin D receptor and chemokine receptor 5 can be responsible for different clinical presentations of HBV infections. The genomic information about cytokines and other mediators can be important for determining high-risk people for developing chronic hepatitis or hepatocellular cancer and may be used to plan treatment and preventive approaches for these people. In this review, the current knowledge in the literature on the association between cytokine/regulatory molecule gene polymorphisms and clinical course of chronic HBV infection is summarized, and the clinical implementations and future prospects regarding this knowledge are discussed.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染仍是全球范围内的一个公共卫生问题，在世界某些地区呈地方性流行。它可导致严重的肝脏疾病，如慢性肝炎、肝硬化和肝细胞癌。宿主免疫反应的差异可能是HBV感染出现各种临床表现的原因之一。编码促炎和抗炎细胞因子的基因多态性负责调节免疫反应，可能会影响感染的临床表现。特别是，编码白细胞介素（IL）-1、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-18、IL-28B、干扰素-γ、肿瘤坏死因子-α、肿瘤生长因子-β1等细胞因子以及维生素D受体和趋化因子受体5等调节分子的基因多态性，可能导致HBV感染出现不同的临床表现。有关细胞因子和其他介质的基因组信息对于确定慢性肝炎或肝细胞癌的高危人群可能很重要，并可用于为这些人群制定治疗和预防方案。在这篇综述中，总结了文献中关于细胞因子/调节分子基因多态性与慢性HBV感染临床病程之间关联的现有知识，并讨论了有关这一知识的临床应用和未来前景。
