Pinedo-Vega José Luis, Castañeda-López Rosalba, Dávila-Rangel J Ignacio, Mireles-García Fernando, Ríos-Martínez Carlos, López-Saucedo Adrián
Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2014 May-Jun;52(3):282-9.
Skin cancer is the most frequent cancer related to ultraviolet radiation. The aim was to estimate the incidence of skin cancer type, melanoma and non-melanoma in Zacatecas, Mexico.
An epidemiological study was carried out during the period from 2008 to 2012. The data were obtained from the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Secretaría de Salud de Zacatecas (SSZ) and a private source, the Centro Médico Alameda. The incidence and the global prevalence were estimated.
We studied 958 skin cancer cases, histopathologically confirmed. The cases were distributed as: 63.6 % basal cell carcinomas, 25.8 % squamous cell carcinomas, and 10.6 % melanoma. Significantly higher proportions were observed in women in the basal cell carcinomas (60.4 %) and squamous cell carcinomas (53.4 %). However, in the case of melanoma, the major proportion was observed in men (55.9 %). The more frequent skin cancer location was the face and for basal cell carcinoma was the nose (53 %); for squamous cell carcinomas were the lips (36 %), and for melanoma it was also the nose (40 %). The skin cancer incidence was estimated in 20 cases for each 100 000 inhabitants. Linear regression analysis showed that the skin cancer is increasing at an annual rate of 10.5 %.
The anatomical location indicates that solar UV radiation is a risk factor, since the face is the zone with major exposure to solar radiation.
皮肤癌是与紫外线辐射相关的最常见癌症。目的是估计墨西哥萨卡特卡斯州皮肤癌、黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤的发病率。
在2008年至2012年期间进行了一项流行病学研究。数据来自墨西哥社会保障局（IMSS）、州劳工社会保障和服务局（ISSSTE）、萨卡特卡斯州卫生部（SSZ）以及一个私人来源，即阿拉米达医疗中心。估计了发病率和全球患病率。
我们研究了958例经组织病理学确诊的皮肤癌病例。病例分布如下：基底细胞癌占63.6%，鳞状细胞癌占25.8%，黑色素瘤占10.6%。在基底细胞癌（60.4%）和鳞状细胞癌（53.4%）中，女性所占比例显著更高。然而，在黑色素瘤病例中，男性所占比例较大（55.9%）。皮肤癌最常见的发病部位是面部，基底细胞癌的发病部位是鼻子（53%）；鳞状细胞癌的发病部位是嘴唇（36%），黑色素瘤的发病部位也是鼻子（40%）。估计皮肤癌发病率为每10万居民中有20例。线性回归分析表明，皮肤癌正以每年10.5%的速度增长。
解剖位置表明太阳紫外线辐射是一个风险因素，因为面部是暴露于太阳辐射最多的区域。
