Allen Richard P
Department of Nerology, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland , USA.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2014 Apr;26(2):248-62. doi: 10.3109/09540261.2014.904279.
Restless legs syndrome/Willis Ekbom disease (RLS/WED) has been recognized as a significant medical disorder since the 17th century. It was studied mostly in the last 50 years in relation to increasing interest in sleep medicine and health-related quality of life. This led to recognition that the disease is not well characterized as restless feelings in the legs. These symptoms are reported in many situations, but the subjective experience of RLS/WED patients differs from that experienced by others. Thus a new name has been introduced that avoids problems of symptom definition of a disease by naming it after those who first characterized it, i.e. 'Willis Ekbom disease'. This article emphasizes the importance of RLS/WED for psychiatry. The disease carries significant increased risk for depression and anxiety disorders. Treatment requires consideration of these co-morbid disorders. RLS/WED can exacerbate or even engender psychiatric disease, so treatment of psychiatric disease should also include consideration of RLS/WED. The need for attention to RLS/WED is particularly significant for depression. Most anti-depressants exacerbate or can even engender RLS/WED. Thus this article seeks to introduce RLS/WED in relation to psychiatric practice. It presents the RLS/WED disease, its overlap with psychiatry and the current treatment options.
不宁腿综合征/威利氏埃克博姆病（RLS/WED）自17世纪以来就被公认为一种重要的医学病症。在过去50年里，随着对睡眠医学和健康相关生活质量的兴趣不断增加，人们对其进行了大量研究。这使得人们认识到，该疾病不能简单地被描述为腿部的不安感觉。许多情况下都会出现这些症状，但RLS/WED患者的主观体验与其他人不同。因此，引入了一个新名称，以避免因症状定义问题而产生的麻烦，即以最早描述该病的人来命名，即“威利氏埃克博姆病”。本文强调了RLS/WED对精神病学的重要性。该疾病会显著增加患抑郁症和焦虑症的风险。治疗需要考虑这些共病。RLS/WED可能会加重甚至引发精神疾病，因此精神疾病的治疗也应考虑RLS/WED。对于抑郁症而言，关注RLS/WED尤为重要。大多数抗抑郁药会加重甚至引发RLS/WED。因此，本文旨在介绍与精神病学实践相关的RLS/WED。文章介绍了RLS/WED疾病、它与精神病学的重叠以及当前的治疗选择。
