Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2014 May;41 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S36-49. doi: 10.1007/s00259-013-2685-3.
Preclinical imaging with SPECT combined with CT or MRI is used more and more frequently and has proven to be very useful in translational research. In this article, an overview of current preclinical research applications and trends of SPECT combined with CT or MRI, mainly in tumour imaging and neuroscience imaging, is given and the advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches are described. Today SPECT and CT systems are often integrated into a single device (commonly called a SPECT/CT system), whereas at present combined SPECT and MRI is almost always carried out with separate systems and fiducial markers to combine the separately acquired images. While preclinical SPECT/CT is most widely applied in oncology research, SPECT combined with MRI (SPECT/MRI when integrated in one system) offers the potential for both neuroscience applications and oncological applications. Today CT and MRI are still mainly used to localize radiotracer binding and to improve SPECT quantification, although both CT and MRI have additional potential. Future technology developments may include fast sequential or simultaneous acquisition of (dynamic) multimodality data, spectroscopy, fMRI along with high-resolution anatomic MRI, advanced CT procedures, and combinations of more than two modalities such as combinations of SPECT, PET, MRI and CT all together. This will all strongly depend on new technologies. With further advances in biology and chemistry for imaging molecular targets and (patho)physiological processes in vivo, the introduction of new imaging procedures and promising new radiopharmaceuticals in clinical practice may be accelerated.
越来越多地使用 SPECT 与 CT 或 MRI 相结合进行临床前成像，并且已被证明在转化研究中非常有用。本文概述了 SPECT 与 CT 或 MRI 相结合在肿瘤成像和神经科学成像方面的当前临床前研究应用和趋势，并描述了不同方法的优缺点。目前，SPECT 和 CT 系统通常集成到单个设备中（通常称为 SPECT/CT 系统），而目前，SPECT 和 MRI 的组合几乎总是使用单独的系统和基准标记来组合分别获取的图像。虽然临床前 SPECT/CT 在肿瘤学研究中应用最广泛，但 SPECT 与 MRI 的结合（当集成在一个系统中时称为 SPECT/MRI）为神经科学应用和肿瘤学应用提供了潜力。目前，CT 和 MRI 主要用于定位示踪剂结合并提高 SPECT 定量，但 CT 和 MRI 都具有额外的潜力。未来的技术发展可能包括快速顺序或同时采集（动态）多模态数据、光谱、功能磁共振成像以及高分辨率解剖磁共振成像、先进的 CT 程序以及两种以上模态的组合，例如 SPECT、PET、MRI 和 CT 的组合。这将完全取决于新技术。随着用于体内成像分子靶标和（病理）生理过程的生物学和化学的进一步发展，新的成像程序和有前途的新型放射性药物可能会加速引入临床实践。
