Anderson J R, Montant M, Schmitt D
Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK; Laboratoire de Psychophysiologie, Université Louis Pasteur ICNRS URA 1295), Strasbourg, France.
Laboratoire de Psychophysiologie, Université Louis Pasteur ICNRS URA 1295), Strasbourg, France.
Behav Processes. 1996 Aug;37(1):47-55. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(95)00074-7.
Experiments were run to assess whether adult female rhesus monkeys would spontaneously learn to choose the correct (i.e. baited) of two objects on the basis of explicit behavioural cues given by the experimenter. In the first part of the study the experimenter either stood up straight with his arms by his side and fixated centrally between the two objects while the subject responded, or he engaged in various combinations of looking and pointing at the correct object. None of the three subjects learned to use gaze alone as a discriminative cue, but two performed better with gestural cues. During subsequent sessions the experimenter's head and eyes were positioned much closer to the objects than in the first experiment, but this did not significantly improve performance. These results confirm and extend a 'negative' finding obtained with capuchin monkeys, namely that during object-choice tasks monkeys do not readily use visual co-orientation or engage in perspective-taking to enhance their success.
进行了一些实验，以评估成年雌性恒河猴是否会根据实验者给出的明确行为线索，自发地学会从两个物体中选择正确的（即有诱饵的）物体。在研究的第一部分中，当受试对象做出反应时，实验者要么双臂垂在身体两侧笔直站立，并注视两个物体之间的中心位置，要么进行各种看向并指向正确物体的组合动作。三个受试对象中没有一个学会仅将目光作为辨别线索，但有两个在有手势线索时表现得更好。在随后的实验环节中，实验者的头部和眼睛比第一个实验中更靠近物体，但这并没有显著提高表现。这些结果证实并扩展了卷尾猴的一项“负面”发现，即在物体选择任务中，猴子不容易利用视觉共同定位或进行换位思考来提高成功率。
