Department of Mother and Child Health, The Referral Centre for Food Allergy Diagnosis and Treatment, Veneto Region, Padua General University Hospital, Padua, Italy.
Allergy. 2014 Aug;69(8):1046-57. doi: 10.1111/all.12441. Epub 2014 Jun 18.
The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Guidelines, managing patients with food allergy (FA) in the community, intend to provide guidance to reduce the risk of accidental allergic reactions to foods in the community. This document is intended to meet the needs of early-childhood and school settings as well as providers of non-prepackaged food (e.g., restaurants, bakeries, takeaway, deli counters, and fast-food outlets) and targets the audience of individuals with FA, their families, patient organizations, the general public, policymakers, and allergists. Food allergy is the most common trigger of anaphylaxis in the community. Providing children and caregivers with comprehensive information on food allergen avoidance and prompt recognition and management of allergic reactions are of the utmost importance. Provision of adrenaline auto-injector devices and education on how and when to use these are essential components of a comprehensive management plan. Managing patients at risk of anaphylaxis raises many challenges, which are specific to the community. This includes the need to interact with third parties providing food (e.g., school teachers and restaurant staff) to avoid accidental exposure and to help individuals with FA to make safe and appropriate food choices. Education of individuals at risk and their families, their peers, school nurses and teachers as well as restaurant and other food retail staff can reduce the risk of severe/fatal reactions. Increased awareness among policymakers may improve decision-making on legislation at local and national level.
欧洲过敏与临床免疫学会（EAACI）食物过敏和过敏反应指南，旨在为社区管理食物过敏（FA）患者提供指导，以降低社区中食物意外过敏反应的风险。本文件旨在满足幼儿和学校环境以及非预包装食品（如餐厅、面包店、外卖、熟食柜台和快餐店）提供者的需求，并针对 FA 患者、他们的家人、患者组织、公众、政策制定者和过敏学家。食物过敏是社区中过敏反应最常见的诱因。为儿童和照顾者提供全面的食物过敏原回避信息，以及及时识别和管理过敏反应至关重要。提供肾上腺素自动注射器设备以及关于如何以及何时使用这些设备的教育是全面管理计划的重要组成部分。管理社区中发生过敏反应的风险的患者带来了许多挑战，这些挑战是特定于社区的。这包括需要与提供食物的第三方（如学校教师和餐厅工作人员）互动，以避免意外接触，并帮助 FA 患者做出安全和适当的食物选择。对风险人群及其家人、同龄人、学校护士和教师以及餐厅和其他食品零售商工作人员进行教育，可以降低严重/致命反应的风险。政策制定者的意识提高可能会改善地方和国家层面立法决策。
