Hu Zhe-Yu, Xiao Lanbo, Bode Ann M, Dong Zigang, Cao Ya
Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.
J Mol Med (Berl). 2014 Aug;92(8):837-45. doi: 10.1007/s00109-014-1174-x. Epub 2014 Jun 8.
Nearly a hundred years of scientific research has revealed a notable preference of cancer cells to utilize aerobic glycolysis rather than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for glucose-dependent ATP production, which is thought to be the root of tumor formation and growth. Glycolysis is a complex biochemical process that is mediated by multiple glycolytic genes. Besides regulating glucose metabolism, these genes are also suggested to possess various other functions related to cancer, including roles in cancer development and promotion, inhibition of apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and tumor metastasis. This article highlights the biological functions of glycolytic genes beyond their role in regulation of glycolysis and discusses their clinical implications, especially in regard to the use of glycolytic genes as biomarkers for early detection of cancer or as targets for novel anticancer treatments.
近百年的科学研究表明，癌细胞在利用葡萄糖产生ATP时，明显倾向于通过有氧糖酵解而非线粒体氧化磷酸化，这被认为是肿瘤形成和生长的根源。糖酵解是一个由多个糖酵解基因介导的复杂生化过程。除了调节葡萄糖代谢外，这些基因还被认为具有与癌症相关的各种其他功能，包括在癌症发展和促进、抑制细胞凋亡、细胞周期进程以及肿瘤转移中的作用。本文重点介绍了糖酵解基因在调节糖酵解之外的生物学功能，并讨论了它们的临床意义，特别是将糖酵解基因用作癌症早期检测的生物标志物或新型抗癌治疗靶点方面的意义。
