Med Lav. 2014 Mar-Apr;105(2):109-29.
Mental health problems are possible in migrant workers (MWs), who are mainly employed in dangerous jobs and face many barriers to prevention and care.
To outline current scientific evidence about psychosocial risk among MWs; to present data from clinical and field experiences.
Non-systematic literature review (PubMed, last 10 years); case series of 20 MWs, evaluated for mental and/or behavioural disorders at a public occupational health unit; applied field research, in enterprise contexts.
A relatively low number of publications about psychosocial risk among MWs was found. Individual migrants may find the experience of migration to be stressful, with increased rates of depression and/or anxiety disorders. Data from clinical case series suggest that MWs from some ethnic groups, with a medium-high level of education, employed in metal or manufacturing industries, might have an increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders. Preliminary data from our field study seem to confirm that MWs, predominantly employed in unskilled/manual jobs and more prone to work overtime, tend to present higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders.
There is a growing need to improve the scientific knowledge on migration, work, and mental health, as well as to promote workplace prevention of mental disorders in MWs. This can be achieved also by reducing structural barriers to mental wellbeing: in particular, occupational physicians should answer to MWs' mental health needs, contributing both to diagnosis and management of MWs' work-related psychiatric disorders.
移民工人（MWs）可能存在心理健康问题，他们主要从事危险工作，面临许多预防和护理障碍。
概述 MWs 心理社会风险的当前科学证据；介绍临床和现场经验数据。
非系统性文献综述（PubMed，过去 10 年）；20 名 MWs 的病例系列，在公共职业健康单位评估精神和/或行为障碍；在企业环境中应用现场研究。
发现关于 MWs 心理社会风险的出版物相对较少。个体移民可能会发现移民经历带来压力，抑郁和/或焦虑障碍的发生率增加。来自临床病例系列的数据表明，来自某些族裔群体、受过中高等教育、从事金属或制造业的 MWs 可能有更高的患精神障碍风险。我们的现场研究初步数据似乎证实，主要从事非技术/体力工作且更倾向于加班的 MWs 往往表现出更高的精神障碍患病率。
需要提高关于移民、工作和心理健康的科学知识，促进 MWs 工作场所精神障碍的预防。这也可以通过减少精神健康的结构性障碍来实现：特别是，职业医生应该满足 MWs 的心理健康需求，为 MWs 的与工作相关的精神障碍的诊断和管理做出贡献。
