解析 CRISPR-Cas 系统的结构和机制基础。
Unravelling the structural and mechanistic basis of CRISPR-Cas systems.
机构信息
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
1] Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands. [2] Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK.
出版信息
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2014 Jul;12(7):479-92. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro3279. Epub 2014 Jun 9.
Bacteria and archaea have evolved sophisticated adaptive immune systems, known as CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated proteins) systems, which target and inactivate invading viruses and plasmids. Immunity is acquired by integrating short fragments of foreign DNA into CRISPR loci, and following transcription and processing of these loci, the CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) guide the Cas proteins to complementary invading nucleic acid, which results in target interference. In this Review, we summarize the recent structural and biochemical insights that have been gained for the three major types of CRISPR-Cas systems, which together provide a detailed molecular understanding of the unique and conserved mechanisms of RNA-guided adaptive immunity in bacteria and archaea.
细菌和古菌已经进化出复杂的适应性免疫系统，称为 CRISPR-Cas（成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列-CRISPR 相关蛋白）系统，该系统可以靶向并失活入侵的病毒和质粒。通过将外源 DNA 的短片段整合到 CRISPR 基因座中，获得免疫能力，然后对这些基因座进行转录和加工，CRISPR RNA（crRNA）引导 Cas 蛋白与互补入侵核酸结合，从而导致靶标干扰。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近在三种主要类型的 CRISPR-Cas 系统中获得的结构和生化见解，这些见解共同为细菌和古菌中 RNA 指导的适应性免疫的独特和保守机制提供了详细的分子理解。
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