Balaban Pavel M, Roshchin Matvey, Timoshenko Alia K, Gainutdinov Khalil L, Bogodvid Tatiana K, Muranova Lyudmila N, Zuzina Alena B, Korshunova Tatiana A
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Butlerova 5a, Moscow, 117485, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
Eur J Neurosci. 2014 Sep;40(6):2963-70. doi: 10.1111/ejn.12642. Epub 2014 Jun 7.
Nitric oxide (NO) is known to be involved in associative memory formation. We investigated the influence of blocking NO function on the reconsolidation of context memory in terrestrial snails (Helix lucorum L.). After a 10 day session of electric shocks in one context only, context memory in snails was observed in test sessions as the significant difference of amplitudes of withdrawal responses to tactile stimuli in two different contexts. After a 1 day rest, a session of 'reminding' was performed, preceded by injection in different groups of the snails with either vehicle or combination of the protein synthesis blocker anisomycin (ANI) with one of the following drugs: the NO scavenger carboxy-PTIO, the NO-synthase inhibitors N-omega-nitro-L-arginin, nitroindazole and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, or the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine. Testing the context memory at different time intervals after the reminder under ANI injection showed that the context memory was impaired at 24 h and later, whereas the reminder under combined injection of ANI and each of the NO-synthase inhibitors used or the NO scavenger showed no impairment of long-term context memory. Injection of the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine with or without reminder had no effect on context memory. The results obtained demonstrated that NO is necessary for labilization of a consolidated context memory.
已知一氧化氮（NO）参与联想记忆的形成。我们研究了阻断NO功能对陆地蜗牛（Helix lucorum L.）情境记忆再巩固的影响。仅在一种情境下进行为期10天的电击训练后，在测试环节中观察蜗牛的情境记忆，即两种不同情境下对触觉刺激的退缩反应幅度存在显著差异。休息1天后，进行“提醒”环节，在此之前，向不同组的蜗牛注射溶剂或蛋白质合成阻断剂茴香霉素（ANI）与以下药物之一的组合：NO清除剂羧基-PTIO、NO合酶抑制剂N-ω-硝基-L-精氨酸、硝基吲唑和盐酸N-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯，或NO供体S-亚硝基-N-乙酰-DL-青霉胺。在ANI注射后不同时间间隔测试情境记忆，结果显示在24小时及之后情境记忆受损，而在ANI与所用的每种NO合酶抑制剂或NO清除剂联合注射下进行“提醒”，则未显示长期情境记忆受损。无论有无“提醒”，注射NO供体S-亚硝基-N-乙酰-DL-青霉胺对情境记忆均无影响。所得结果表明，NO对于巩固的情境记忆的不稳定化是必需的。
