Meckel Yoav, Einy Avner, Gottlieb Roni, Eliakim Alon
1Life Science Department, Zinman College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Wingate Institute, Israel; and 2Pediatric Department, Child Health and Sport Center, Meir Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
J Strength Cond Res. 2014 Sep;28(9):2578-84. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000383.
The purpose of this study was to determine the repeated sprint ability (RSA) of young (16.9 ± 0.5 years) soccer players at different game stages. Players performed repeated sprint test (RST) (12 × 20 m) after warm-up before a game, at half-time, and after a full soccer game, each on a different day, in a random order. The ideal (fastest) sprint time (IS) and total (accumulative) sprint time (TS) were significantly slower at the end of the game compared with those after the warm-up before the game (p < 0.01 for each). Differences between IS and TS after the warm-up before the game and at half-time, and between half-time and end of the game, were not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the performance decrement during the RST after warm-up before the game, at half-time, or the end of the game. Significant negative correlation was found between predicted V[Combining Dot Above]O2 and the difference between TS after the warm-up before the game and the end of the game (r = -0.52), but not between predicted V[Combining Dot Above]O2 and the difference in any of the RST performance indices between warm-up before the game and half-time, or between half-time and the end of the game. The findings indicate a significant RSA reduction only at the end but not at the half-time of a soccer game. The results also suggest that the contribution of the aerobic system to soccer intensity maintenance is crucial, mainly during the final stages of the game.
本研究的目的是确定年轻（16.9±0.5岁）足球运动员在不同比赛阶段的反复冲刺能力（RSA）。球员们在比赛前热身之后、半场休息时以及一场完整足球比赛结束后，分别在不同日期以随机顺序进行反复冲刺测试（RST）（12×20米）。与比赛前热身之后相比，比赛结束时的理想（最快）冲刺时间（IS）和总（累积）冲刺时间（TS）显著减慢（每项p<0.01）。比赛前热身之后与半场休息时的IS和TS之间，以及半场休息时与比赛结束时的IS和TS之间，差异无统计学意义。在比赛前热身之后、半场休息时或比赛结束时进行的RST期间，表现下降没有显著差异。预测的最大摄氧量（V̇O₂）与比赛前热身之后和比赛结束时的TS差值之间存在显著负相关（r=-0.52），但在比赛前热身之后与半场休息时，或半场休息时与比赛结束时的任何RST表现指标差值与预测的V̇O₂之间不存在显著负相关。研究结果表明，足球比赛仅在结束时RSA显著降低，而在半场休息时未出现显著降低。结果还表明，有氧系统对维持足球运动强度的贡献至关重要，主要是在比赛的最后阶段。
