Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, MTFS, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, MTFS, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
FEBS Lett. 2014 Aug 1;588(15):2470-6. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.06.004. Epub 2014 Jun 6.
Decades of neuroscience research have shed light on the hippocampus as a key structure for the formation of episodic memory. The hippocampus is divided into distinct subfields - CA1, CA2 and CA3. While accumulating evidence points to cellular and synaptic heterogeneity within each subfield, this heterogeneity has not received much attention in computational and behavioural studies and subfields have until recently been considered functionally uniform. However, a couple of recent studies have demonstrated prominent functional differences along the proximodistal axis of the CA1 subfield. Here, we review anatomical and physiological differences that might give rise to heterogeneity along the proximodistal axis of CA1 as well as the functional implications of such heterogeneity. We suggest that such heterogeneity in CA1 operates dynamically in the sense that the CA1 network alternates, on a subsecond scale, between a state where the network is primarily responsive to functionally segregated direct inputs from entorhinal cortex and a state where cells predominantly are controlled by more integrated inputs from CA3.
几十年来，神经科学研究已经揭示了海马体作为形成情景记忆的关键结构。海马体被分为不同的亚区 - CA1、CA2 和 CA3。尽管越来越多的证据表明每个亚区内部存在细胞和突触异质性，但这种异质性在计算和行为研究中并没有得到太多关注，直到最近，亚区才被认为具有统一的功能。然而，最近的几项研究已经证明了 CA1 亚区沿近-远轴的显著功能差异。在这里，我们回顾了可能导致 CA1 沿近-远轴产生异质性的解剖学和生理学差异，以及这种异质性的功能意义。我们认为，CA1 中的这种异质性是动态的，即在亚秒尺度上，CA1 网络在一种状态和另一种状态之间交替，在一种状态下，网络主要对来自内嗅皮层的功能分离的直接输入做出反应，而在另一种状态下，细胞主要受来自 CA3 的更整合的输入控制。
