Wheat Physiology, Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 56130, Mexico DF, Mexico,
Theor Appl Genet. 2014 Jul;127(7):1463-89. doi: 10.1007/s00122-014-2332-9. Epub 2014 Jun 10.
Transferring the knowledge bases between related species may assist in enlarging the yield potential of crop plants. Being cereals, rice and wheat share a high level of gene conservation; however, they differ at metabolic levels as a part of the environmental adaptation resulting in different yield capacities. This review focuses on the current understanding of genetic and molecular regulation of yield-associated traits in both crop species, highlights the similarities and differences and presents the putative knowledge gaps. We focus on the traits associated with phenology, photosynthesis, and assimilate partitioning and lodging resistance; the most important drivers of yield potential. Currently, there are large knowledge gaps in the genetic and molecular control of such major biological processes that can be filled in a translational biology approach in transferring genomics and genetics informations between rice and wheat.
在相关物种之间转移知识库可能有助于扩大作物的产量潜力。作为谷类作物，水稻和小麦具有高度的基因保守性；然而，它们在代谢水平上有所不同，这是环境适应的一部分，导致产量能力不同。本综述重点介绍了这两个作物物种中与产量相关性状的遗传和分子调控的最新认识，强调了相似性和差异性，并提出了假定的知识空白。我们重点介绍了与物候学、光合作用和同化产物分配以及抗倒伏性相关的性状；这些是产量潜力的最重要驱动因素。目前，在这些主要生物学过程的遗传和分子控制方面存在着很大的知识空白，可以通过在水稻和小麦之间转移基因组学和遗传学信息的转化生物学方法来填补这些空白。
