Balaro Mario Felipe Alvarez, Dos Santos Lima Michele, Del Fava Claudia, de Oliveira Glenda Ribeiro, Pituco Edviges Maristela, Brandão Felipe Zandonadi
Universidade Federal Fluminense, Department of Pathology and Clinical Veterinary, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Balaro, Brandão).
Instituto Biologico, Bovine Viral Diseases Laboratory (Lima, Pituco), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2014 Jul;26(4):567-570. doi: 10.1177/1040638714538020.
In late January 2013, 10 nonpregnant Lacaune dairy ewes raised under extensive husbandry management on a farm in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, presented with the general clinical signs of lethargy, hyporexia, edema of the face, hyperemia of the exposed parts of the skin, mouth lesions, pyrexia, and lameness. Additionally, 2 pregnant ewes died suddenly after the onset of respiratory signs. The complete blood counts and biochemistry analyses showed neutrophilic leukocytosis with monocytosis and reactive lymphocytes, normocytic normochromic anemia and increased aspartate aminotransferase levels. Postmortem examination revealed erosions on the lingual mucosa, bilateral submandibular ganglia infarctions, yellow foamy fluid accumulation in the trachea and bronchial bifurcation, pulmonary congestion, and edema associated with hemorrhagic lesions on the pulmonary artery and heart. The clinical and pathological findings were suggestive of bluetongue. For a molecular and virological diagnosis, tissue samples were analyzed by Bluetongue virus-specific real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and viral isolation was performed in embryonated chicken eggs. For viral typing, positive tissue and egg-isolated samples were analyzed by qRT-PCR using primers and probes specific for the structural VP2 gene in genome segment 2 of all 26 serotypes. There are still no contingency plans for responding to an outbreak of bluetongue disease in Brazil, and this episode emphasizes the need for continuing serological and entomological surveillance programs. Additionally, this report describes the isolation of Bluetongue virus serotype 4 in sheep in the Americas.
2013年1月下旬，巴西里约热内卢一个农场中采用粗放式饲养管理的10只未怀孕的拉库内奶羊出现嗜睡、食欲减退、面部水肿、皮肤暴露部位充血、口腔病变、发热和跛行等一般临床症状。此外，2只怀孕母羊在出现呼吸道症状后突然死亡。全血细胞计数和生化分析显示中性粒细胞增多伴单核细胞增多和反应性淋巴细胞增多、正细胞正色素性贫血以及天冬氨酸转氨酶水平升高。尸检发现舌黏膜糜烂、双侧下颌下神经节梗死、气管和支气管分叉处有黄色泡沫状液体积聚、肺充血以及与肺动脉和心脏出血性病变相关的水肿。临床和病理结果提示为蓝舌病。为进行分子和病毒学诊断，通过蓝舌病病毒特异性实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）对组织样本进行分析，并在鸡胚中进行病毒分离。为进行病毒分型，使用针对所有26种血清型基因组片段2中结构VP2基因的引物和探针，通过qRT-PCR对阳性组织和卵分离样本进行分析。巴西仍没有应对蓝舌病疫情的应急计划，这一事件强调了持续开展血清学和昆虫学监测项目的必要性。此外，本报告描述了在美洲绵羊中分离出蓝舌病病毒血清型4。
