Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1601 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL, USA, 33136.
Curr Diab Rep. 2014 Aug;14(8):508. doi: 10.1007/s11892-014-0508-y.
The incidence of overweight and obesity among children has increased dramatically in recent decades, with about one-third of children in the U.S. currently being either overweight or obese. Being overweight in early childhood increases risk for later obesity. There is evidence for the efficacy of family-based behavioral treatment to control weight and improve health outcomes. Obesity-related health risks have been documented, including metabolic syndrome. There is also increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among youth in recent years, with obesity and family history of T2D generally present. Lower income and ethnic minority status are associated with both obesity and T2D in youth. Most youth with T2D do not achieve optimal glycemic control, and are at high risk for later health complications. Obesity and T2D represent significant public health issues with potentially great personal and societal cost. Research addressing the prevention of obesity and T2D among youth is urgently needed.
近年来，儿童超重和肥胖的发生率急剧上升，目前约有三分之一的美国儿童超重或肥胖。儿童早期超重会增加以后肥胖的风险。有证据表明，基于家庭的行为治疗可以控制体重并改善健康结果。已经记录了与肥胖相关的健康风险，包括代谢综合征。近年来，青少年 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 的发病率也在上升，肥胖和 T2D 的家族史通常存在。低收入和少数族裔地位与青少年肥胖和 T2D 都有关。大多数患有 T2D 的青少年无法达到理想的血糖控制水平，并且以后发生健康并发症的风险很高。肥胖和 T2D 是严重的公共卫生问题，可能会给个人和社会带来巨大的代价。迫切需要研究解决青少年肥胖和 T2D 的预防问题。
