Benavides Julio, Collantes-Fernández Esther, Ferre Ignacio, Pérez Valentín, Campero Carlos, Mota Rinaldo, Innes Elisabeth, Ortega-Mora Luis M
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Facultad de Veterinaria,Universidad de León,Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León,Spain.
SALUVET, Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences,Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n,28040-Madrid,Spain.
Parasitology. 2014 Sep;141(11):1471-88. doi: 10.1017/S0031182014000638. Epub 2014 Jun 13.
At present, bovine neosporosis is an important worldwide concern because of its wide geographic distribution and economic impact. Abortion is the main clinical sign of bovine neosporosis in both dairy and beef cattle. Ruminant challenge models are critical to evaluate potential vaccine candidates to help tackle bovine neosporosis and to study pathogenesis and host responses to infection. Several research groups have developed ruminant models of Neospora caninum infection independently of others, resulting in a high degree of variability due to the use of different species of animals, breeds, strains/isolates of N. caninum, doses, routes and times of inoculation. Standardization is greatly needed to advance research in a more collaborative, timely and efficient manner. In the absence of widely accepted international guidelines, this manuscript serves to summarize and discuss the different models and parameters currently in use. Parameters essential for the development of non-pregnant and pregnant ruminant models are outlined and the main knowledge gaps are identified. This information could act as the basis to develop a consensus for international standard guidelines for ruminant models of neosporosis that would be helpful for researchers in this field worldwide.
目前，牛新孢子虫病因其广泛的地理分布和经济影响而成为全球关注的重要问题。流产是奶牛和肉牛感染牛新孢子虫病的主要临床症状。反刍动物感染模型对于评估潜在的候选疫苗以帮助应对牛新孢子虫病以及研究发病机制和宿主对感染的反应至关重要。几个研究小组各自独立开发了犬新孢子虫感染的反刍动物模型，由于使用了不同种类的动物、品种、犬新孢子虫的菌株/分离株、剂量、接种途径和时间，导致模型具有高度变异性。迫切需要进行标准化，以便以更协作、及时和高效的方式推进研究。在缺乏广泛认可的国际指南的情况下，本手稿旨在总结和讨论目前使用的不同模型和参数。概述了非妊娠和妊娠反刍动物模型开发所需的参数，并确定了主要的知识空白。这些信息可为制定牛新孢子虫病反刍动物模型国际标准指南的共识提供依据，这将有助于全球该领域的研究人员。
