Babiloni Claudio, Del Percio Claudio, Arendt-Nielsen Lars, Soricelli Andrea, Romani Gian Luca, Rossini Paolo Maria, Capotosto Paolo
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy; IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.
IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2014 Oct;125(10):1936-45. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.04.021. Epub 2014 May 24.
Anticipating sensorimotor events allows adaptive reactions to environment with crucial implications for self-protection and survival. Here we review several studies of our group that aimed to test the hypothesis that the cortical processes preparing the elaboration of sensorimotor interaction is reflected by the reduction of anticipatory electroencephalographic alpha power (about 8-12Hz; event-related desynchronization, ERD), as an index that regulate task-specific sensorimotor processes, accounted by high-alpha sub-band (10-12Hz), rather than a general tonic alertness, accounted by low-alpha sub-band (8-10Hz). In this line, we propose a model for human cortical processes anticipating warned sensorimotor interactions. Overall, we reported a stronger high-alpha ERD before painful than non-painful somatosensory stimuli that is also predictive of the subjective evaluation of pain intensity. Furthermore, we showed that anticipatory high-alpha ERD increased before sensorimotor interactions between non-painful or painful stimuli and motor demands involving opposite hands. In contrast, sensorimotor interactions between painful somatosensory and sensorimotor demands involving the same hand decreased anticipatory high-alpha ERD, due to a sort of sensorimotor "gating" effect. In conclusion, we suggest that anticipatory cortical high-alpha rhythms reflect the central interference and/or integration of ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) signals relative to one or two hands before non-painful and painful sensorimotor interactions.
预测感觉运动事件能够使机体对环境做出适应性反应，这对自我保护和生存至关重要。在此，我们回顾了本团队的几项研究，这些研究旨在检验以下假设：准备精细感觉运动交互的皮层过程可通过预期脑电图α波功率（约8 - 12Hz；事件相关去同步化，ERD）的降低来反映，作为调节特定任务感觉运动过程的指标，该指标由高α子频段（10 - 12Hz）负责，而非由低α子频段（8 - 10Hz）负责的一般紧张性警觉。据此，我们提出了一个人类皮层过程预测警告性感觉运动交互的模型。总体而言，我们报告称，在疼痛性体感刺激之前比非疼痛性体感刺激出现更强的高α波ERD，这也能预测疼痛强度的主观评估。此外，我们表明，在非疼痛性或疼痛性刺激与涉及对侧手的运动需求之间的感觉运动交互之前，预期高α波ERD会增加。相反，由于一种感觉运动“门控”效应，涉及同一只手的疼痛性体感与感觉运动需求之间的感觉运动交互会降低预期高α波ERD。总之，我们认为预期皮层高α波节律反映了在非疼痛性和疼痛性感觉运动交互之前，相对于一只或两只手的上行（感觉）和下行（运动）信号的中枢干扰和/或整合。
