Araújo Duarte, Davids Keith, Diniz Ana, Rocha Luis, Santos João Coelho, Dias Gonçalo, Fernandes Orlando
a Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, CIPER , Universidade de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2015;15(3):195-202. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2014.928749. Epub 2014 Jun 17.
Ecological dynamics of decision-making in the sport of sailing exemplifies emergent, conditionally coupled, co-adaptive behaviours. In this study, observation of the coupling dynamics of paired boats during competitive sailing showed that decision-making can be modelled as a self-sustained, co-adapting system of informationally coupled oscillators (boats). Bytracing the spatial-temporal displacements of the boats, time series analyses (autocorrelations, periodograms and running correlations) revealed that trajectories of match racing boats are coupled more than 88% of the time during a pre-start race, via continuous, competing co-adaptions between boats. Results showed that both the continuously selected trajectories of the sailors (12 years of age) and their categorical starting point locations were examples of emergent decisions. In this dynamical conception of decision-making behaviours, strategic positioning (categorical) and continuous displacement of a boat over the course in match-race sailing emerged as a function of interacting task, personal and environmental constraints. Results suggest how key interacting constraints could be manipulated in practice to enhance sailors' perceptual attunement to them in competition.
帆船运动中决策的生态动力学体现了涌现的、条件耦合的、共同适应的行为。在本研究中，对竞技帆船比赛中配对船只耦合动力学的观察表明，决策可以被建模为一个信息耦合振荡器（船只）的自我维持、共同适应系统。通过追踪船只的时空位移，时间序列分析（自相关、周期图和运行相关性）显示，在赛前比赛中，帆船比赛船只的轨迹在超过88%的时间内通过船只之间持续的、相互竞争的共同适应而耦合。结果表明，12岁水手持续选择的轨迹及其分类起点位置都是涌现决策的例子。在这种决策行为的动态概念中，帆船比赛中船只在整个赛程中的战略定位（分类）和连续位移是相互作用的任务、个人和环境约束的函数。结果表明了在实践中如何操纵关键的相互作用约束，以增强水手在比赛中对它们的感知协调。
