Manzanares Aarón, Menayo Ruperto, Segado Francisco, Salmerón Diego, Cano Juan Antonio
a Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Activity , Catholic University of Murcia , Murcia , Spain.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2015;15(3):203-12. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2014.963690. Epub 2014 Oct 8.
The visual behaviour is a determining factor in sailing due to the influence of the environmental conditions. The aim of this research was to determine the visual behaviour pattern in sailors with different practice time in one star race, applying a probabilistic model based on Markov chains. The sample of this study consisted of 20 sailors, distributed in two groups, top ranking (n = 10) and bottom ranking (n = 10), all of them competed in the Optimist Class. An automated system of measurement, which integrates the VSail-Trainer sail simulator and the Eye Tracking System(TM) was used. The variables under consideration were the sequence of fixations and the fixation recurrence time performed on each location by the sailors. The event consisted of one of simulated regatta start, with stable conditions of wind, competitor and sea. Results show that top ranking sailors perform a low recurrence time on relevant locations and higher on irrelevant locations while bottom ranking sailors make a low recurrence time in most of the locations. The visual pattern performed by bottom ranking sailors is focused around two visual pivots, which does not happen in the top ranking sailor's pattern. In conclusion, the Markov chains analysis has allowed knowing the visual behaviour pattern of the top and bottom ranking sailors and its comparison.
由于环境条件的影响，视觉行为在帆船运动中是一个决定性因素。本研究的目的是通过应用基于马尔可夫链的概率模型，确定在一场星级比赛中不同练习时间的水手的视觉行为模式。本研究的样本包括20名水手，分为两组，排名靠前的（n = 10）和排名靠后的（n = 10），他们都参加了乐观者级别的比赛。使用了一个自动化测量系统，该系统集成了VSail-Trainer帆船模拟器和眼动追踪系统（TM）。所考虑的变量是水手在每个位置上的注视序列和注视重复时间。该事件由一次模拟帆船赛开始组成，当时风、竞争对手和海面条件稳定。结果表明，排名靠前的心手在相关位置的重复时间较低，在不相关位置的重复时间较高，而排名靠后的水手在大多数位置的重复时间较低。排名靠后的水手所表现出的视觉模式集中在两个视觉枢轴周围，而排名靠前的水手的模式则并非如此。总之，马尔可夫链分析使得了解排名靠前和靠后的水手的视觉行为模式及其比较成为可能。
