Chabot François, Caron Alexandre, Laplante Mathieu, St-Pierre David H
François Chabot, David H St-Pierre, Département de Kinanthropologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal (Québec), H3C3P8, Canada.
World J Diabetes. 2014 Jun 15;5(3):328-41. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i3.328.
Ghrelin is a 28 amino acid peptide mainly derived from the oxyntic gland of the stomach. Both acylated (AG) and unacylated (UAG) forms of ghrelin are found in the circulation. Initially, AG was considered as the only bioactive form of ghrelin. However, recent advances indicate that both AG and UAG exert distinct and common effects in organisms. Soon after its discovery, ghrelin was shown to promote appetite and adiposity in animal and human models. In response to these anabolic effects, an impressive number of elements have suggested the influence of ghrelin on the regulation of metabolic functions and the development of obesity-related disorders. However, due to the complexity of its biochemical nature and the physiological processes it governs, some of the effects of ghrelin are still debated in the literature. Evidence suggests that ghrelin influences glucose homeostasis through the modulation of insulin secretion and insulin receptor signaling. On the other hand, insulin was also shown to influence circulating levels of ghrelin. Here, we review the relationship between ghrelin and insulin and we describe the impact of this interaction on the modulation of glucose homeostasis.
胃饥饿素是一种主要由胃泌酸腺产生的含28个氨基酸的肽。在血液循环中可发现酰化胃饥饿素（AG）和去酰化胃饥饿素（UAG）两种形式。最初，AG被认为是胃饥饿素唯一的生物活性形式。然而，最近的研究进展表明，AG和UAG在生物体中发挥着不同但又有共同的作用。胃饥饿素发现后不久，就在动物和人体模型中显示出促进食欲和肥胖的作用。针对这些合成代谢作用，大量因素表明胃饥饿素对代谢功能的调节以及肥胖相关疾病的发展有影响。然而，由于其生化性质和所调控的生理过程的复杂性，胃饥饿素的一些作用在文献中仍存在争议。有证据表明，胃饥饿素通过调节胰岛素分泌和胰岛素受体信号传导来影响葡萄糖稳态。另一方面，胰岛素也被证明会影响循环中的胃饥饿素水平。在此，我们综述胃饥饿素与胰岛素之间的关系，并描述这种相互作用对葡萄糖稳态调节的影响。
