Daw Mohamed A, Shabash Amira, El-Bouzedi Abdallah, Dau Aghnya A
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tripoli, Libya; Department of Surgery, Tripoli Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Tripoli, Libya.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tripoli, Libya.
PLoS One. 2014 Jun 17;9(6):e98793. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098793. eCollection 2014.
In 1998 Libya experienced a major outbreak of multiple blood borne viral hepatitis and HIV infections. Since then, no studies have been done on the epidemic features and risk factors of HBV, HCV, HIV and co-infection among the general population.
A prospective study was carried out using a multi-centre clustering method to collect samples from the general population. The participants were interviewed, and relevant information was collected, including socio-demographic, ethnic, and geographic variables. This information was correlated with the risk factors involved in the transmission of HBV, HCV and HIV. Blood samples were collected and the sera were tested for HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV using enzyme immunoassay.
A total of 9,170 participants from the nine districts of Tripoli were enrolled. The average prevalence of HBsAg was 3.7%, anti-HCV 0.9%, anti-HIV 0.15% and co-infection 0.02%. The prevalence varied from one district to another. HBV was more prevalent among those aged over 50 years and was associated with family history. Anti-HCV and anti-HIV were more prevalent among those aged 20-40 years. Intravenous drug use and blood transfusion were the main risk factors for HCV and HIV infection.
HBV, HCV, HIV and co-infection are relatively common in Libya. High prevalence was associated with geographic, ethnic and socioeconomic variability within the community. HCV and HIV infections among the younger age groups are becoming an alarming issue. Regulations and health care education need to be implemented and longer term follow-up should be planned.
1998年利比亚经历了一次严重的多种血源性病毒性肝炎和艾滋病毒感染的大规模暴发。自那时以来，尚未对普通人群中乙肝病毒（HBV）、丙肝病毒（HCV）、艾滋病毒（HIV）及合并感染的流行特征和危险因素进行研究。
采用多中心整群抽样方法开展一项前瞻性研究，从普通人群中采集样本。对参与者进行访谈，并收集相关信息，包括社会人口统计学、种族和地理变量。将这些信息与HBV、HCV和HIV传播所涉及的危险因素进行关联分析。采集血样，采用酶免疫法检测血清中的乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）、抗丙肝病毒抗体（抗-HCV）和抗艾滋病毒抗体（抗-HIV）。
共纳入了的黎波里九个区的9170名参与者。HBsAg的平均流行率为3.7%，抗-HCV为0.9%，抗-HIV为0.15%，合并感染为0.02%。各区的流行率有所不同。HBV在50岁以上人群中更为普遍，且与家族史有关。抗-HCV和抗-HIV在20至40岁人群中更为普遍。静脉注射吸毒和输血是HCV和HIV感染的主要危险因素。
HBV、HCV、HIV及合并感染在利比亚相对常见。高流行率与社区内的地理、种族和社会经济差异有关。年轻人群中的HCV和HIV感染正成为一个令人担忧的问题。需要实施相关规定和开展卫生保健教育，并应规划长期随访。
