de Lacey James, Brughelli Matt, McGuigan Michael, Hansen Keir, Samozino Pierre, Morin Jean-Benoit
1Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; 2Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, University of Savoie, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France; and 3Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France.
J Strength Cond Res. 2014 Dec;28(12):3567-70. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000572.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a preseason taper on individual power-force-velocity profiles and jump performance in professional National Rugby League players. Seven professional rugby league players performed concentric squat jumps using ascending loads of 25, 50, 75, 100% body mass before and after a 21-day step taper leading into the in-season. Linear force-velocity relationships were derived, and the following variables were obtained: maximum theoretical velocity (V0), maximum theoretical force (F0), and maximum power (Pmax). The players showed likely-to-very likely increases in F0 (effect size [ES] = 0.45) and Pmax (ES = 0.85) from pre to posttaper. Loaded squat jump height also showed likely-to-most likely increases at each load (ES = 0.83-1.04). The 21-day taper was effective at enhancing maximal power output and jump height performance in professional rugby players, possibly as a result of a recovery from fatigue and thus increased strength capability after a prolonged preseason training period. Rugby league strength and conditioning coaches should consider reducing training volume while maintaining intensity and aerobic conditioning (e.g., step taper) leading into the in-season.
本研究的目的是调查季前减量训练对国家橄榄球联盟职业球员个人力量 - 力 - 速度曲线以及跳跃表现的影响。7名职业橄榄球联盟球员在为期21天的逐步减量训练前后，使用相当于自身体重25%、50%、75%、100%的递增负荷进行了向心深蹲跳。得出了线性力 - 速度关系，并获得了以下变量：最大理论速度（V0）、最大理论力量（F0）和最大功率（Pmax）。从减量训练前到减量训练后，球员的F0（效应量[ES]=0.45）和Pmax（ES = 0.85）显示出可能到非常可能的增加。在每个负荷下，负重深蹲跳高度也显示出可能到极有可能的增加（ES = 0.83 - 1.04）。21天的减量训练有效地提高了职业橄榄球运动员的最大功率输出和跳跃高度表现，这可能是由于在长时间的季前训练期后从疲劳中恢复，从而增强了力量能力。橄榄球联盟的力量与体能教练在赛季开始前应考虑减少训练量，同时保持强度和有氧训练（如逐步减量训练）。
