Peng Rong, Wei Xiao-ping, Liang Xiao-hua, Chen Jie, Liu You-xue, Zhang Ting, Li Ting-yu
Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
Children's Nutrition Research Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2014 Jun 18;46(3):366-72.
To study the relationship between dietary vitamin A intake and plasma vitamin A concentration, and establish the theoretical basis for dietary intake predicting vitamin A nutritional status.
By using cluster sampling, 492 children aged 2-7 years in kindergartens in Banan district of Chongqing were selected. A cross-sectional nutrition and health survey was conducted, including the clinical examination, anthropometry, laboratory test and dietary survey.
Among the children surveyed, 229 were boys, and 263 girls, the mean age was (4.54 ± 0.87) years, height (107.50 ± 7.20) cm, and weight (18.42 ± 3.41) kg, the mean value of plasma vitamin A was (1.04 ± 0.30) μmol/L. The prevalence of marginal vitamin A deficiency (MVAD) was 43.5%. No cases of severe clinical vitamin A deficiency were found (plasma vitamin A ≤ 0.35 μmol/L). Clinical examination found no conjunctiva, corneaor skin abnormalities, and no Bitot's spots. Prevalence of the last two weeks colds were 27.4% (135/492), no diarrhea and other gastrointestinal or digestive diseases were found. The proportion of insufficient dietary vitamin A intake (<600 μg RE/d) was as high as 50.0%. By using correlation analysis, plasma retinol concentrations were related to dietary vitamin A intake (r=0.162, P<0.001), and to dietary energy intake (r=0.107, P=0.017). After adjustment for the effects of other non-dietary factors on vitamin A deficiency, the multivariate logistic regression showed that vitamin A-rich foods of liver intake=0 g/d (OR=1.95, 95% CI: 1.05-3.61, P=0.034), vitamin A-rich fruits intake=0 g/d (OR=1.55, 95% CI: 1.03-2.33, P=0.034), vitamin A-rich vegetables intake<200 g/d (OR=3.47, 95% CI: 1.37-8.75, P=0.009) were important risk factors of vitamin A deficiency. But we had not found the correlation between the intake of meat, eggs and milk and vitamin A deficiency.
Dietary factors may be the major risk factor of vitamin A deficiency in the three kindergartens. The dietary vitamin A intakes are significantly related to plasma retinol concentrations, and the vitamin A-rich foods intakes can predict the body's vitamin A nutritional status.
研究膳食维生素A摄入量与血浆维生素A浓度之间的关系，为通过膳食摄入量预测维生素A营养状况建立理论依据。
采用整群抽样法，选取重庆市巴南区492名2 - 7岁的幼儿园儿童。进行横断面营养与健康调查，包括临床检查、人体测量、实验室检测和膳食调查。
在所调查的儿童中，男孩229名，女孩263名，平均年龄为（4.54 ± 0.87）岁，身高（107.50 ± 7.20）cm，体重（18.42 ± 3.41）kg，血浆维生素A平均值为（1.04 ± 0.30）μmol/L。边缘性维生素A缺乏（MVAD）患病率为43.5%。未发现严重临床维生素A缺乏病例（血浆维生素A≤0.35 μmol/L）。临床检查未发现结膜、角膜或皮肤异常，也未发现毕脱斑。近两周感冒患病率为27.4%（135/492），未发现腹泻及其他胃肠道或消化系统疾病。膳食维生素A摄入量不足（<600 μg RE/d）的比例高达50.0%。通过相关性分析，血浆视黄醇浓度与膳食维生素A摄入量相关（r = 0.162，P < 0.001），与膳食能量摄入量相关（r = 0.107，P = 0.017）。在调整其他非膳食因素对维生素A缺乏的影响后，多因素logistic回归显示，肝脏类富含维生素A食物摄入量 = 0 g/d（OR = 1.95，95%CI：1.05 - 3.61，P = 0.034）、富含维生素A的水果摄入量 = 0 g/d（OR = 1.55，95%CI：1.03 - 2.33，P = 0.034）、富含维生素A的蔬菜摄入量<200 g/d（OR = 3.47，95%CI：1.37 - 8.75，P = 0.009）是维生素A缺乏的重要危险因素。但未发现肉、蛋、奶摄入量与维生素A缺乏之间的相关性。
膳食因素可能是三所幼儿园儿童维生素A缺乏的主要危险因素。膳食维生素A摄入量与血浆视黄醇浓度显著相关，富含维生素A食物的摄入量可预测机体维生素A营养状况。
