Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Cancer. 2014 Nov 15;120(22):3433-45. doi: 10.1002/cncr.28860. Epub 2014 Jun 19.
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a radiotracer imaging method that yields quantitative images of regional in vivo biology and biochemistry. PET, now used in conjunction with computed tomography (CT) in PET/CT devices, has had its greatest impact to date on cancer and is now an important part of oncologic clinical practice and translational cancer research. In this review of current applications and future directions for PET/CT in cancer, the authors first highlight the basic principles of PET followed by a discussion of the biochemistry and current clinical applications of the most commonly used PET imaging agent, (18) F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Then, emerging methods for PET imaging of other biologic processes relevant to cancer are reviewed, including cellular proliferation, tumor hypoxia, apoptosis, amino acid and cell membrane metabolism, and imaging of tumor receptors and other tumor-specific gene products. The focus of the review is on methods in current clinical practice as well as those that have been translated to patients and are currently in clinical trials.
正电子发射断层扫描（PET）是一种放射性示踪剂成像方法，可提供体内生物学和生物化学的区域定量图像。PET 目前与计算机断层扫描（CT）结合使用在 PET/CT 设备中，迄今为止，它对癌症的影响最大，现在是肿瘤临床实践和转化癌症研究的重要组成部分。在这篇关于 PET/CT 在癌症中的当前应用和未来方向的综述中，作者首先强调了 PET 的基本原理，然后讨论了最常用的 PET 成像剂（18）F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）的生物化学和当前临床应用。然后，回顾了与癌症相关的其他生物学过程的 PET 成像的新兴方法，包括细胞增殖、肿瘤缺氧、细胞凋亡、氨基酸和细胞膜代谢以及肿瘤受体和其他肿瘤特异性基因产物的成像。综述的重点是当前临床实践中的方法以及已经转化为患者并正在临床试验中的方法。
