Llarena A-K, Skarp-de Haan C P A, Rossi M, Hänninen M-L
Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2015 May;62(3):209-21. doi: 10.1111/zph.12141. Epub 2014 Jun 20.
Campylobacter spp. are the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide and have been isolated from a wide number of different hosts and environmental sources. Waterfowl is considered a natural reservoir for this zoonotic bacterium and may act as a potential infection source for human campylobacteriosis. In this study, faecal samples from 924 barnacle geese were tested for the presence of C. jejuni and C. coli. The resulting C. jejuni and C. coli populations were characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), structure analysis by BAPS and phylogenetic analysis based on full genome sequences. The prevalences of C. jejuni in barnacle geese faeces were 11.5% and 23.1% in 2011 and 2012, respectively, and only 0.2% of the samples were positive for C. coli in both years. Furthermore, a possible adaption of the clonal complexes (CCs) ST-702 and ST-1034 to the barnacle geese reservoir was found, as these two CCs represented the majority of the typed isolates and were repeatedly isolated from different flocks at several time-points. Further core genome phylogenetic analysis using ClonalFrame revealed a formation of a distinct monophyletic lineage by these two CCs, suggesting a certain degree of clonality of the C. jejuni population adapted to barnacle geese. Therefore, although STs also commonly found in humans patients (e.g. ST-45) were among the barnacle geese C. jejuni isolates, this reservoir is probably an infrequent source for human campylobacteriosis.
弯曲杆菌属是全球细菌性肠胃炎最常见的病因，已从大量不同宿主和环境来源中分离出来。水禽被认为是这种人畜共患病细菌的天然宿主，可能是人弯曲杆菌病的潜在感染源。在本研究中，对924只黑雁的粪便样本进行了空肠弯曲菌和结肠弯曲菌检测。通过多位点序列分型（MLST）、BAPS结构分析以及基于全基因组序列的系统发育分析，对所得的空肠弯曲菌和结肠弯曲菌群体进行了特征描述。2011年和2012年，黑雁粪便中空肠弯曲菌的患病率分别为11.5%和23.1%，两年中仅0.2%的样本结肠弯曲菌呈阳性。此外，发现克隆复合体（CCs）ST-702和ST-1034可能适应了黑雁宿主，因为这两个CCs代表了大多数分型菌株，并且在几个时间点从不同鸡群中反复分离得到。使用ClonalFrame进行的进一步核心基因组系统发育分析显示，这两个CCs形成了一个独特的单系谱系，表明适应黑雁的空肠弯曲菌群体具有一定程度的克隆性。因此，尽管在黑雁空肠弯曲菌分离株中也发现了常见于人类患者的序列型（如ST-45），但这个宿主可能是人类弯曲杆菌病的罕见感染源。
