Olkkola Satu, Rossi Mirko, Jaakkonen Anniina, Simola Maria, Tikkanen Jouni, Hakkinen Marjaana, Tuominen Pirkko, Huitu Otso, Niemimaa Jukka, Henttonen Heikki, Kivistö Rauni
Finnish Food Authority, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Jan 13;11:621490. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.621490. eCollection 2020.
Small mammals are known to carry spp.; however, little is known about the genotypes and their role in human infections. We studied intestinal content from small wild mammals collected in their natural habitats in Finland in 2010-2017, and in close proximity to 40 pig or cattle farms in 2017. The animals were trapped using traditional Finnish metal snap traps. spp. were isolated from the intestinal content using direct plating on mCCDA. A total of 19% of the captured wild animals ( = 577) and 41% of the pooled farm samples ( = 227) were positive for , which was the only species identified. The highest prevalence occurred in yellow-necked mice () and bank voles () which carried spp. in 66.3 and 63.9% of the farm samples and 41.5 and 24.4% of individual animals trapped from natural habitats, respectively. Interestingly, all house mouse () and shrew ( spp.) samples were negative for spp. isolates ( = 145) were further characterized by whole-genome sequencing. Core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) clustering showed that mouse and vole strains were separated from the rest of the population (636 and 671 allelic differences, 94 and 99% of core loci, respectively). Very little or no alleles were shared with genomes described earlier from livestock or human isolates. FastANI results further indicated that strains from voles are likely to represent a new previously undescribed species or subspecies of . Core-genome phylogeny showed that there was no difference between isolates originating from the farm and wild captured animals. Instead, the phylogeny followed the host species-association. There was some evidence (one strain each) of livestock-associated occurring in a farm-caught and a brown rat (), indicating that although small mammals may not be the original reservoir of colonizing livestock, they may sporadically carry strains occurring mainly in livestock and be associated with disease in humans.
已知小型哺乳动物携带 spp.;然而,关于其基因型及其在人类感染中的作用却知之甚少。我们研究了2010年至2017年在芬兰自然栖息地收集的小型野生哺乳动物的肠道内容物,以及2017年在40个猪场或牛场附近收集的样本。这些动物使用传统的芬兰金属夹式陷阱捕获。通过直接接种在mCCDA上从肠道内容物中分离出 spp.。总共19%的捕获野生动物( = 577)和41%的合并农场样本( = 227)对 呈阳性,这是唯一鉴定出的 物种。患病率最高的是黄颈鼠()和林姬鼠(),在农场样本中携带 spp. 的比例分别为66.3%和63.9%,在从自然栖息地捕获的个体动物中携带比例分别为41.5%和24.4%。有趣的是,所有家鼠()和鼩鼱( spp.)样本对 spp. 均为阴性。对 分离株( = 145)进行全基因组测序以进一步表征。核心基因组多位点序列分型(cgMLST)聚类显示,小鼠和田鼠菌株与其余 群体分离(等位基因差异分别为636和671,分别占核心位点的94%和99%)。与先前描述的家畜或人类分离株的 基因组几乎没有或没有共享等位基因。FastANI结果进一步表明,来自田鼠的 菌株可能代表一种新的、以前未描述的 物种或亚种。核心基因组系统发育表明,来自农场和野生捕获动物的分离株之间没有差异。相反,系统发育遵循宿主物种关联。有一些证据(各一株)表明,在农场捕获的 和田鼠()中出现了与家畜相关的 ,这表明尽管小型哺乳动物可能不是定殖在家畜中的 的原始宿主,但它们可能偶尔携带主要在家畜中出现的 菌株,并与人类疾病相关。