Sugawara Tatsuya, Ganesan Ponesakki, Li Zhuosi, Manabe Yuki, Hirata Takashi
Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawaoiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Mar Drugs. 2014 Jun 19;12(6):3660-8. doi: 10.3390/md12063660.
Siphonaxanthin is a specific keto-carotenoid in green algae whose bio-functional properties are yet to be identified. This review focuses on siphonaxanthin as a bioactive compound and outlines the evidence associated with functionality. Siphonaxanthin has been reported to potently inhibit the viability of human leukemia HL-60 cells via induction of apoptosis. In comparison with fucoxanthin, siphonaxanthin markedly reduced cell viability as early as 6 h after treatment. The cellular uptake of siphonaxanthin was 2-fold higher than fucoxanthin. It has been proposed that siphonaxanthin possesses significant anti-angiogenic activity in studies using human umbilical vein endothelial cells and rat aortic ring. The results of these studies suggested that the anti-angiogenic effect of siphonaxanthin is due to the down-regulation of signal transduction by fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 in vascular endothelial cells. Siphonaxanthin also exhibited inhibitory effects on antigen-induced degranulation of mast cells. These findings open up new avenues for future research on siphonaxanthin as a bioactive compound, and additional investigation, especially in vivo studies, are required to validate these findings. In addition, further studies are needed to determine its bioavailability and metabolic fate.
虹吸藻黄素是绿藻中的一种特定酮类胡萝卜素，其生物功能特性尚未明确。本综述聚焦于虹吸藻黄素作为一种生物活性化合物，并概述了与其功能相关的证据。据报道，虹吸藻黄素可通过诱导凋亡有效抑制人白血病HL - 60细胞的活力。与岩藻黄质相比，虹吸藻黄素在处理后6小时就显著降低了细胞活力。虹吸藻黄素的细胞摄取量比岩藻黄质高2倍。在使用人脐静脉内皮细胞和大鼠主动脉环的研究中，有人提出虹吸藻黄素具有显著的抗血管生成活性。这些研究结果表明，虹吸藻黄素的抗血管生成作用是由于血管内皮细胞中成纤维细胞生长因子受体 - 1信号转导的下调。虹吸藻黄素对抗原诱导的肥大细胞脱颗粒也有抑制作用。这些发现为未来将虹吸藻黄素作为生物活性化合物的研究开辟了新途径，需要进一步研究，尤其是体内研究，以验证这些发现。此外，还需要进一步研究来确定其生物利用度和代谢命运。
