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评估防晒霜的当前市场：对美国三个大都市县防晒霜供应情况的横断面研究。

Assessing the current market of sunscreen: a cross-sectional study of sunscreen availability in three metropolitan counties in the United States.

作者信息

Amber Kyle T, Bloom Romi, Staropoli Patrick, Dhiman Sonam, Hu Shasa

机构信息

Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 10660 SW 75th Avenue, Miami, FL 33156, USA.

出版信息

J Skin Cancer. 2014;2014:285357. doi: 10.1155/2014/285357. Epub 2014 May 15.

DOI:10.1155/2014/285357
PMID:24955250
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4052569/
Abstract

Sunscreen use is recommended for the prevention of sunburn and skin cancer. Little is known regarding sunscreen availability in high versus low income communities. We analyzed sunscreen availability in three large metropolitan counties to determine the relationship between availability and community demographics. We included sun care products in all pharmacies and supermarkets open as of July 2013 in representative high and low income zip codes in Cook County, Illinois, Miami-Dade County, Florida, and San Diego County, California. We recorded the percentage of tanning oil, sunscreens with a sun protection factor (SPF) < 15, SPF > 15, physical sunscreens, spray sunscreens, mean price per ounce (PPO), and mean SPF. Of the total products assessed, 11.0% were tanning oils, with physical sunscreens accounting for only 3.4% of the available sunscreens and 46.2% of sunscreens being spray-on. A comparison between higher and lower income zip codes demonstrated a significantly increased percentage of sunscreens with SPF < 15 in high income zip codes. Lower income zip codes had higher percentages of sunscreens with SPF > 15 and higher PPO, even when taking into account SPF. Further studies of sunscreen usage patterns in different populations must take into account sunscreen availability and price, as these significantly differ based on the community demographic.

摘要

建议使用防晒霜预防晒伤和皮肤癌。关于高收入社区与低收入社区防晒霜的可及性，人们所知甚少。我们分析了三个大都市县的防晒霜可及性，以确定其可及性与社区人口统计学特征之间的关系。我们纳入了截至2013年7月在伊利诺伊州库克县、佛罗里达州迈阿密-戴德县和加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥县具有代表性的高收入和低收入邮政编码地区内所有营业的药店和超市中的防晒产品。我们记录了晒黑油、防晒系数（SPF）<15的防晒霜、SPF>15的防晒霜、物理防晒霜、喷雾防晒霜的百分比、每盎司平均价格（PPO）以及平均SPF。在评估的所有产品中，11.0%是晒黑油，物理防晒霜仅占可用防晒霜的3.4%，46.2%的防晒霜是喷雾型的。高收入和低收入邮政编码地区之间的比较表明，高收入邮政编码地区中SPF<15的防晒霜百分比显著增加。即使考虑到SPF，低收入邮政编码地区中SPF>15的防晒霜百分比和PPO也更高。对不同人群防晒霜使用模式的进一步研究必须考虑防晒霜的可及性和价格，因为这些因素会因社区人口统计学特征而有显著差异。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/83a3/4052569/a0d1ec25bac6/JSC2014-285357.001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/83a3/4052569/a0d1ec25bac6/JSC2014-285357.001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/83a3/4052569/a0d1ec25bac6/JSC2014-285357.001.jpg

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The evolution of sunscreen products in the United States--a 12-year cross sectional study.美国防晒产品的演变——一项为期 12 年的横断面研究。
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The children and sunscreen study: a crossover trial investigating children's sunscreen application thickness and the influence of age and dispenser type.儿童与防晒霜研究：一项交叉试验，调查儿童涂抹防晒霜的厚度以及年龄和涂抹器类型的影响。
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A profile of skin cancer prevention media coverage in 2009.2009 年皮肤癌预防媒体报道概述。
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Prevalence of sunburn, sun protection, and indoor tanning behaviors among Americans: review from national surveys and case studies of 3 states.美国人的晒伤、防晒和室内晒黑行为的流行率：来自全国调查和 3 个州的案例研究综述。
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