Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, SciencePark 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Mol Neurodegener. 2014 Jun 25;9:25. doi: 10.1186/1750-1326-9-25.
Experimental evidence has demonstrated that several aspects of adult neural stem cells (NSCs), including their quiescence, proliferation, fate specification and differentiation, are regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. These control the expression of specific sets of genes, often including those encoding for small non-coding RNAs, indicating a complex interplay between various epigenetic factors and cellular functions.Previous studies had indicated that in addition to the neuropathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD), plasticity-related changes are observed in brain areas with ongoing neurogenesis, like the hippocampus and subventricular zone. Given the role of stem cells e.g. in hippocampal functions like cognition, and given their potential for brain repair, we here review the epigenetic mechanisms relevant for NSCs and AD etiology. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the epigenetic regulation of adult NSCs will advance our knowledge on the role of adult neurogenesis in degeneration and possibly regeneration in the AD brain.
实验证据表明，成年神经干细胞（NSCs）的几个方面，包括其静止、增殖、命运特化和分化，都受到表观遗传机制的调控。这些机制控制着特定基因集的表达，通常包括那些编码小非编码 RNA 的基因，表明各种表观遗传因素和细胞功能之间存在复杂的相互作用。之前的研究表明，除了阿尔茨海默病（AD）的神经病理学外，在具有持续神经发生的脑区，如海马体和侧脑室下区，也观察到与可塑性相关的变化。鉴于干细胞在认知等海马体功能中的作用，以及它们在大脑修复方面的潜力，我们在这里回顾了与 NSCs 和 AD 病因相关的表观遗传机制。了解成年 NSCs 中表观遗传调控所涉及的分子机制，将有助于我们了解成年神经发生在 AD 大脑中退化和可能再生中的作用。
