Krämer Friederike, Schaper Roland, Schunack Bettina, Połozowski Andrzej, Piekarska Jolanta, Szwedko Aleksandra, Jodies Robert, Kowalska Dagmara, Schüpbach Dörte, Pantchev Nikola
Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163, Berlin, Germany.
Parasitol Res. 2014 Sep;113(9):3229-39. doi: 10.1007/s00436-014-3985-7. Epub 2014 Jun 29.
Canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) have increasingly become a focus of attention in the past few years. Nevertheless, in many parts of Europe information on their occurrence is still scarce. In a large study in Poland 3,094 serum samples taken from dogs throughout all 16 Polish provinces were tested using a commercial kit for the detection of circulating antibodies against Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Ehrlichia canis and of Dirofilaria immitis antigen. A total of 12.31% (381/3,094; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.18-13.52%) and 3.75% (116/3,094; 95% CI: 3.11-4.48%) of the dogs were positive for A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi s.l. antibodies, respectively. Furthermore, 0.26% (8/3,094; 95% CI: 0.11-0.51%) were positive for E. canis antibodies and 0.16% (5/3,094; 95% CI: 0.05-0.38%) for D. immitis antigen. The highest percentages of A. phagocytophilum-positive dogs were noted in Lesser Poland, Silesia and Łódź Provinces. For B. burgdorferi s.l., the highest prevalence was recorded in Łódź Province. Co-infections with A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi s.l. were recorded in 1.71% of all examined dogs (53/3,094; 95% CI: 1.29-2.23%). One dog even had a triple infection, testing positive for E. canis too. Both A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi s.l. have previously been reported in Poland and were confirmed in the present study by positive samples from all 16 provinces. Concerning E. canis and D. immitis travel history or importation cannot be excluded as factors which may have determined the occurrence of these pathogens in the relevant animals. Practitioners in Poland should be aware of the above mentioned CVBDs and of prophylactic measures to protect dogs and their owners.
在过去几年中，犬类媒介传播疾病（CVBDs）日益成为关注焦点。然而，在欧洲许多地区，关于这些疾病发生情况的信息仍然匮乏。在波兰的一项大型研究中，使用商用试剂盒对从波兰所有16个省份的犬只采集的3094份血清样本进行检测，以检测针对嗜吞噬细胞无形体、伯氏疏螺旋体狭义种和犬埃立克体的循环抗体以及犬恶丝虫抗原。分别有12.31%（381/3094；95%置信区间[CI]：11.18 - 13.52%）和3.75%（116/3094；95% CI：3.11 - 4.48%）的犬只嗜吞噬细胞无形体和伯氏疏螺旋体狭义种抗体呈阳性。此外，0.26%（8/3094；95% CI：0.11 - 0.51%）的犬只犬埃立克体抗体呈阳性，0.16%（5/3094；95% CI：0.05 - 0.38%）的犬只犬恶丝虫抗原呈阳性。在小波兰省、西里西亚省和罗兹省，嗜吞噬细胞无形体抗体呈阳性的犬只比例最高。对于伯氏疏螺旋体狭义种，罗兹省的患病率最高。在所有检查的犬只中，1.71%（53/3094；95% CI：1.29 - 2.23%）的犬只同时感染了嗜吞噬细胞无形体和伯氏疏螺旋体狭义种。甚至有一只犬只发生了三重感染，犬埃立克体检测也呈阳性。此前在波兰已有嗜吞噬细胞无形体和伯氏疏螺旋体狭义种的报道，本研究通过来自所有16个省份的阳性样本予以证实。关于犬埃立克体和犬恶丝虫，不能排除旅行史或进口作为可能决定这些病原体在相关动物中出现的因素。波兰的从业者应了解上述犬类媒介传播疾病以及保护犬只及其主人的预防措施。
