Lelkes Efrat, Headley Mark B, Thornton Emily E, Looney Mark R, Krummel Matthew F
Department of Pediatrics, University of California-San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSW 518, San Francisco, CA 94143-0511, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California-San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSW 518, San Francisco, CA 94143-0511, USA.
Department of Pathology, University of California-San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSW 518, San Francisco, CA 94143-0511, USA.
Trends Immunol. 2014 Aug;35(8):379-86. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2014.05.005. Epub 2014 Jun 26.
The lung is a complex structure that is interdigitated with immune cells. Understanding the 4D process of normal and defective lung function and immunity has been a centuries-old problem. Challenges intrinsic to the lung have limited adequate microscopic evaluation of its cellular dynamics in real time, until recently. Because of emerging technologies, we now recognize alveolar-to-airway transport of inhaled antigen. We understand the nature of neutrophil entry during lung injury and are learning more about cellular interactions during inflammatory states. Insights are also accumulating in lung development and the metastatic niche of the lung. Here we assess the developing technology of lung imaging, its merits for studies of pathophysiology and areas where further advances are needed.
肺是一个与免疫细胞相互交错的复杂结构。理解正常和有缺陷的肺功能及免疫的四维过程一直是一个存在了数百年的问题。直到最近，肺本身所具有的挑战限制了对其细胞动态进行充分的实时微观评估。由于新技术的出现，我们现在认识到吸入抗原从肺泡到气道的转运。我们了解肺损伤期间中性粒细胞进入的本质，并且正在更多地了解炎症状态下的细胞相互作用。关于肺发育和肺转移微环境的见解也在不断积累。在此，我们评估肺成像的发展技术、其在病理生理学研究中的优点以及需要进一步进展的领域。
