Guan Ziqiang, Katzianer David, Zhu Jun, Goldfine Howard
Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Oct;1842(10):1353-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.06.011. Epub 2014 Jun 28.
Analysis of the polar lipids of many pathogenic and non-pathogenic clostridia has revealed the presence of plasmalogens, alk-1'-enyl ether-containing phospholipids and glycolipids. An exception to this finding so far has been Clostridium difficile, an important human pathogen which is the cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and other more serious complications. We have examined the polar lipids of three strains of C. difficile by thin-layer chromatography and have found acid-labile polar lipids indicative of the presence of plasmalogens. The lipids from one of these strains were subjected to further analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS), which revealed the presence of phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin, monohexosyldiradylglycerol, dihexosyldiradylglycerol, and two unusual glycolipids identified as an aminohexosyl-hexosyldiradylglycerol, and a trihexosyldiradylglycerol. High resolution tandem mass spectrometry determined that monohexosyldiradylglycerol, cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol contained significant amounts of plasmalogens. C. difficile thus joins the growing list of clostridia that have plasmalogens. Since plasmalogens in clostridia are formed by an anaerobic pathway distinct from those in animal cells, their formation represents a potential novel target for antibiotic action.
对许多致病性和非致病性梭菌的极性脂质分析表明，存在缩醛磷脂、含1'-烯基醚的磷脂和糖脂。迄今为止，这一发现的一个例外是艰难梭菌，它是一种重要的人类病原体，可导致抗生素相关性腹泻和其他更严重的并发症。我们通过薄层色谱法检测了三株艰难梭菌的极性脂质，发现了表明存在缩醛磷脂的酸不稳定极性脂质。对其中一株菌株的脂质进行了液相色谱-电喷雾电离质谱联用（LC/ESI-MS）进一步分析，结果显示存在磷脂酰甘油、心磷脂、单己糖二脂酰甘油、二己糖二脂酰甘油，以及两种不寻常的糖脂，分别鉴定为氨基己糖基-己糖二脂酰甘油和三己糖二脂酰甘油。高分辨率串联质谱测定表明，单己糖二脂酰甘油、心磷脂和磷脂酰甘油含有大量缩醛磷脂。因此，艰难梭菌加入了拥有缩醛磷脂的梭菌种类不断增加的行列。由于梭菌中的缩醛磷脂是通过与动物细胞不同的厌氧途径形成的，它们的形成代表了抗生素作用的一个潜在新靶点。
