Werth B, Meyer B, Beglinger C, Stalder G
Abteilung für Gastroenterologie, Kantonsspital Basel.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1989 Apr 29;119(17):527-31.
Feeding with nasally placed enteral feeding tubes is a method frequently used for long-term nutrition of patients with neurologically or mechanically induced swallowing disorders. Feeding tubes, however, may be unsatisfactory due to either esthetic considerations or complications such as esophagitis, bleeding or pulmonary aspiration. Recently, endoscopic techniques for placing of feeding gastrostomies without laparotomy have been introduced. We report on our experience with 46 endoscopically controlled percutaneous gastrostomies in 38 patients according to the method described by Russell. Cerebrovascular diseases and malignancies of the oropharynx were the 2 most common indications for creation of the gastrostomy. Endoscopically assisted gastrostomy was successful in 38 of 40 patients referred. One serious and two minor complications were encountered. Gastrostomy was in use for a median time span of 3 months (range 1-83 weeks). We conclude that endoscopically assisted percutaneous gastrostomy is a simple, safe, and effective means of providing enteral nutrition in patients requiring tube feeding.
经鼻放置肠内喂养管进行喂养是一种常用于患有神经源性或机械性吞咽障碍患者长期营养支持的方法。然而，出于美观考虑或因食管炎、出血或肺误吸等并发症，喂养管可能并不理想。最近，已引入了无需开腹的内镜下放置胃造口术的技术。我们根据Russell描述的方法报告了38例患者行46次内镜控制下经皮胃造口术的经验。脑血管疾病和口咽恶性肿瘤是胃造口术最常见的两个适应证。40例转诊患者中，38例内镜辅助胃造口术成功。出现了1例严重并发症和2例轻微并发症。胃造口术使用的中位时间为3个月（范围1 - 83周）。我们得出结论，内镜辅助经皮胃造口术是为需要管饲的患者提供肠内营养的一种简单、安全且有效的方法。
