从造血细胞的全基因组 DNA 甲基化图谱中寻找古老问题的新答案。
New answers to old questions from genome-wide maps of DNA methylation in hematopoietic cells.
机构信息
Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Pediatrics and Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Pediatrics and Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
出版信息
Exp Hematol. 2014 Aug;42(8):609-17. doi: 10.1016/j.exphem.2014.04.008. Epub 2014 Jun 30.
DNA methylation is a well-studied epigenetic modification essential for efficient cellular differentiation. Aberrant DNA methylation patterns are a characteristic feature of cancer, including myeloid malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia. Recurrent mutations in DNA-modifying enzymes were identified in acute myeloid leukemia and linked to distinct DNA methylation signatures. In addition, discovery of Tet enzymes provided new mechanisms for the reversal of DNA methylation. Advances in base-resolution profiling of DNA methylation have enabled a more comprehensive understanding of the methylome landscape in the genome. This review will summarize and discuss the key questions in the function of DNA methylation in the hematopoietic system, including where and how DNA methylation regulates diverse biological processes in the genome as elucidated by recent studies.
DNA 甲基化是一种经过深入研究的表观遗传修饰，对于高效的细胞分化至关重要。异常的 DNA 甲基化模式是癌症的一个特征，包括髓系恶性肿瘤如急性髓系白血病。在急性髓系白血病中发现了 DNA 修饰酶的反复突变，并与独特的 DNA 甲基化特征相关联。此外，Tet 酶的发现为 DNA 甲基化的逆转提供了新的机制。在碱基分辨率上对 DNA 甲基化的深入研究，使人们对基因组中甲基组景观有了更全面的理解。这篇综述将总结和讨论 DNA 甲基化在造血系统中的功能的关键问题，包括最近的研究如何阐明 DNA 甲基化在基因组中何处以及如何调节各种生物过程。
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