Office of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Office of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Lancet. 2014 Jul 5;384(9937):53-63. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60890-4. Epub 2014 Jul 1.
In the USA, infectious diseases continue to exact a substantial toll on health and health-care resources. Endemic diseases such as chronic hepatitis, HIV, and other sexually transmitted infections affect millions of individuals and widen health disparities. Additional concerns include health-care-associated and foodborne infections--both of which have been targets of broad prevention efforts, with success in some areas, yet major challenges remain. Although substantial progress in reduction of the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases has been made, continued cases and outbreaks of these diseases persist, driven by various contributing factors. Worldwide, emerging and reemerging infections continue to challenge prevention and control strategies while the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance needs urgent action. An important priority for control of infectious disease is to ensure that scientific and technological advances in molecular diagnostics and bioinformatics are well integrated into public health. Broad and diverse partnerships across governments, health care, academia, and industry, and with the public, are essential to effectively reduce the burden of infectious diseases.
在美国，传染病继续对健康和医疗资源造成重大损失。慢性肝炎、艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染等地方病影响着数百万人，并扩大了健康差距。其他令人关切的问题包括与医疗保健相关的感染和食源性感染--这两者都是广泛预防工作的目标，在某些领域取得了成功，但仍然存在重大挑战。尽管在减少疫苗可预防疾病负担方面取得了重大进展，但由于各种因素的影响，这些疾病的病例和爆发仍在持续。在全球范围内，新出现和再现的传染病继续对预防和控制战略构成挑战，而日益严重的抗微生物药物耐药性问题需要紧急采取行动。控制传染病的一个重要优先事项是确保分子诊断和生物信息学方面的科学和技术进步与公共卫生充分融合。广泛和多样化的政府、医疗保健、学术界和工业界之间的伙伴关系，以及与公众的伙伴关系，对于有效减轻传染病负担至关重要。
