Teh Ruth, Kerse Ngaire, Kepa Mere, Doughty Rob N, Moyes Simon, Wiles Janine, Wham Carol, Hayman Karen, Wilkinson Tim, Connolly Martin, Mace Casey, Dyall Lorna
Dept of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
N Z Med J. 2014 Jul 4;127(1397):13-29.
To establish self-rated health, health-related behaviours and health conditions of Maori and non-Maori in advanced age.
LiLACS NZ is a longitudinal study. A total of 421 Maori aged 80-90 years and 516 non-Maori aged 85 years living in the Bay of Plenty and Rotorua district were recruited at baseline (2010). Socioeconomic-demographic characteristics and health-related behaviours were established using interviewer administered questionnaire. Self-rated health was obtained from the SF-12. Medical conditions were established from a combination of self-report, review of general practitioner and hospital discharge records, and analyses of fasting blood samples.
61% Maori and 59% non-Maori rated their health from good to excellent. Eleven percent of Maori and 5% of non-Maori smoked; 23% Maori and 47% non-Maori had alcohol on at least 2 occasions per week. Physical activity was higher in Maori than non-Maori (p=0.035) and the relationship was attenuated when adjusted for age. More Maori (49%) than non-Maori (38%) were at high nutrition risk (p=0.005); and more non-Maori (73%) than Maori (59%) were driving (p<0.01). The three most common health conditions were hypertension (83%), eye diseases (58%) and coronary artery disease (44%). The health profile differed by gender and ethnicity. Overall, participants had a median of five health conditions.
Self-rated health is high in this sample considering the number of comorbidities. There are differences in health behaviours and health conditions between genders and by ethnicity in advanced age. The significance of health conditions in men and women, Maori and non-Maori in advanced age will be examined longitudinally.
确定高龄毛利人和非毛利人的自评健康状况、健康相关行为及健康状况。
新西兰纵向老龄化与社区健康研究（LiLACS NZ）是一项纵向研究。在基线期（2010年），共招募了421名年龄在80 - 90岁的毛利人和516名年龄在85岁的非毛利人，他们居住在丰盛湾和罗托鲁瓦地区。通过访员管理的问卷确定社会经济人口学特征和健康相关行为。自评健康状况通过SF - 12获得。医疗状况通过自我报告、全科医生复查和医院出院记录以及空腹血样分析综合确定。
61%的毛利人和59%的非毛利人将他们的健康状况评为良好至优秀。11%的毛利人和5%的非毛利人吸烟；23%的毛利人和47%的非毛利人每周至少饮酒2次。毛利人的身体活动水平高于非毛利人（p = 0.035），在调整年龄后这种关系减弱。处于高营养风险的毛利人（49%）多于非毛利人（38%）（p = 0.005）；开车的非毛利人（73%）多于毛利人（59%）（p < 0.01）。三种最常见的健康状况是高血压（83%）、眼部疾病（58%）和冠状动脉疾病（44%）。健康状况因性别和种族而异。总体而言，参与者的健康状况中位数为五种。
考虑到合并症的数量，该样本中的自评健康状况较高。高龄人群在健康行为和健康状况方面存在性别和种族差异。将对高龄男性和女性、毛利人和非毛利人的健康状况的重要性进行纵向研究。
