Mishra Satyaranjan, Pani Saumya Ranjan, Sahoo Sabuj
K.V. Virani Institute of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Badhada, Savarkundla, Gujarat, India.
College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bidyaniketan, Balighat, Puri, Odisha, India.
Pharmacognosy Res. 2014 Jul;6(3):210-7. doi: 10.4103/0974-8490.132598.
Gentamicin, a strong cationic drug accumulated at biological membranes causes net increase in oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation leading to necrotic changes in renal tubles and consequently precipitates acute nephrotoxicity. Several phytoconstituents and plants extracts demonstrated significant anti-oxidant and cyto-protective activities. Vitex negundo Linn. (VN), Oroxylum indicum Vent. (OI) and Barringtonia acutangula Linn. (BA) are widely found throughout the Asian sub-continent including India, used extensively in different forms of Indian traditional medicine like Ayurveda and Unani.
Nephroprotective activity of extracts of VN roots, OI whole plant and BA leaves were investigated against experimentally induced acute nephrotoxicity [Gentamicin (i.p; 80mg/kg for 7 days)] in Wistar rats as test animals.
The rats were treated with Cystone (5 mL/kg; p.o) taken as positive control and methanol-dichloromethane (1:1) extracts of VN, OI and BA (200 mg/kg; p.o) as test drugs for 7 days. Following the said treatments, biochemical parameters of urine (volume, creatinine and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) and serum (urea, creatinine, albumin and total protein) were estimated. Renal anti-oxidant markers viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in renal tissue were assayed. Tissue sections of kidneys from different groups were made and histopathological features were observed.
The extracts of VN, OI and BA significantly attenuated the nephrotoxicity by elevation of body weight, CAT, GPx and SOD or lowering urine LDH and creatinine, serum urea; serum creatinine and LPO respectively. Histopathological score of VN, OI and BA treated groups were 1+, 2+ and 2+ respectively against 4+ of the toxic group.
The findings suggested the significant nephroprotection of VN roots followed by OI whole plant and BA leaves.
庆大霉素是一种积聚在生物膜上的强阳离子药物，会导致氧化应激和脂质过氧化净增加，从而导致肾小管坏死性改变，进而引发急性肾毒性。几种植物成分和植物提取物具有显著的抗氧化和细胞保护活性。蔓荆子、木蝴蝶和棋盘脚树在包括印度在内的亚洲次大陆广泛分布，在阿育吠陀和尤那尼等不同形式的印度传统医学中被广泛使用。
以Wistar大鼠为实验动物，研究蔓荆子根提取物、木蝴蝶全株提取物和棋盘脚树叶提取物对实验性诱导的急性肾毒性[腹腔注射庆大霉素（80mg/kg，连续7天）]的肾保护活性。
将大鼠分别用作为阳性对照的西胱氨酸（5 mL/kg；口服）和作为受试药物的蔓荆子、木蝴蝶和棋盘脚树的甲醇-二氯甲烷（1:1）提取物（200 mg/kg；口服）处理7天。经过上述处理后，测定尿液（体积、肌酐和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH））和血清（尿素、肌酐、白蛋白和总蛋白）的生化参数。检测肾组织中的肾抗氧化标志物，即超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和脂质过氧化（LPO）。制作不同组大鼠肾脏的组织切片并观察组织病理学特征。
蔓荆子、木蝴蝶和棋盘脚树的提取物分别通过提高体重、CAT、GPx和SOD，或降低尿液LDH和肌酐、血清尿素、血清肌酐和LPO，显著减轻了肾毒性。蔓荆子、木蝴蝶和棋盘脚树处理组的组织病理学评分为分别为1+、2+和2+，而毒性组为4+。
研究结果表明蔓荆子根具有显著的肾保护作用，其次是木蝴蝶全株和棋盘脚树叶。
