Alperovich Michael, Lee Z-Hye, Friedlander Paul L, Rowan Brian G, Gimble Jeffrey M, Chiu Ernest S
From the *Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY; †Department of Otolaryngology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA; ‡Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA; and §Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA.
Ann Plast Surg. 2014 Sep;73 Suppl 1:S104-7. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000000283.
Found in most mesenchymally derived organs, mesenchymal stem cells are undifferentiated cells capable of developing into many cell types. Adipose stem cells are a type of mesenchymal stem cell easily extracted from lipoaspirate, often readily available, and are conformable to the tissue defect. Their ability for self-renewal, unlimited proliferation and proangiogenic, and immunomodulatory properties have made them attractive adjuncts in plastic surgery. Since the discovery of pluripotent cells in adipose tissue, plastic surgeons have applied the technology toward improving wound healing, soft tissue augmentation, and tissue engineering. More recently, some surgeons have used adipose stem cells in cancer reconstruction. By mixing lipoaspirate with concentrated fractions of adipose stem cells through a technique termed cell-assisted lipotransfer, plastic surgeons have claimed improved aesthetic results. Promising early results have been tempered by in vitro and animal studies demonstrating increased tumor proliferation and metastasis rates with the use of adipose and other mesenchymal stem cells. This review provides a succinct yet comprehensive overview of the current literature evaluating the oncologic risks associated with adipose stem cell use in cancer.
间充质干细胞存在于大多数间充质来源的器官中，是能够发育成多种细胞类型的未分化细胞。脂肪干细胞是一种间充质干细胞，易于从抽脂物中提取，通常很容易获得，并且与组织缺损相适配。它们的自我更新能力、无限增殖能力、促血管生成能力和免疫调节特性使其成为整形手术中有吸引力的辅助手段。自从在脂肪组织中发现多能细胞以来，整形外科医生已将该技术应用于改善伤口愈合、软组织填充和组织工程。最近，一些外科医生已将脂肪干细胞用于癌症重建。通过一种称为细胞辅助脂肪移植的技术将抽脂物与浓缩的脂肪干细胞混合，整形外科医生声称取得了更好的美学效果。体外和动物研究表明，使用脂肪和其他间充质干细胞会增加肿瘤增殖和转移率，这使得早期令人鼓舞的结果受到影响。本综述对当前评估癌症中使用脂肪干细胞相关肿瘤学风险的文献进行了简洁而全面的概述。
