Cleaveland Sarah, Beyer Hawthorne, Hampson Katie, Haydon Daniel, Lankester Felix, Lembo Tiziana, Meslin Francois-Xavier, Morters Michelle, Mtema Zacharia, Sambo Maganga, Townsend Sunny
Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2014 Apr 23;81(2):E1-8. doi: 10.4102/ojvr.v81i2.731.
Over the past 20 years, major progress has been made in our understanding of critical aspects of rabies epidemiology and control. This paper presents results of recent research, highlighting methodological advances that have been applied to burden of disease studies, rabies epidemiological modelling and rabies surveillance. These results contribute new insights and understanding with regard to the epidemiology of rabies and help to counteract misperceptions that currently hamper rabies control efforts in Africa. The conclusion of these analyses is that the elimination of canine rabies in Africa is feasible, even in wildlife-rich areas, through mass vaccination of domestic dogs and without the need for indiscriminate culling to reduce dog population density. Furthermore, the research provides valuable practical insights that support the operational planning and design of dog vaccination campaigns and rabies surveillance measures.
在过去20年里,我们对狂犬病流行病学和防控关键环节的认识取得了重大进展。本文展示了近期研究成果,重点介绍了应用于疾病负担研究、狂犬病流行病学建模和狂犬病监测的方法学进展。这些结果为狂犬病流行病学提供了新的见解和理解,并有助于消除目前阻碍非洲狂犬病防控工作的误解。这些分析的结论是,通过对家犬进行大规模疫苗接种,即使在野生动物丰富的地区,非洲消除犬狂犬病也是可行的,无需通过无差别扑杀来降低犬只种群密度。此外,该研究提供了有价值的实践见解,支持犬类疫苗接种运动和狂犬病监测措施的业务规划与设计。