Bleck Jennifer R, DeBate Rita D, Olivardia Roberto
Department of Community and Family Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, 13201 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 56, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
J Behav Health Serv Res. 2015 Oct;42(4):437-51. doi: 10.1007/s11414-014-9422-y.
Evidence suggests a comorbidity of childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and subsequent eating disorders. However, most studies have assessed this comorbidity among patient populations as opposed to nationally representative samples and have not explored differences by subtype of each disorder. The current study aims to investigate the association between both clinical (i.e., diagnosed) and subclinical (i.e., presence of behaviors but not all diagnostic criteria) ADHD and eating disorders via a secondary data analysis of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (n = 12,262). Results reveal that those with clinical ADHD are more likely to experience (a) clinical eating disorder, (b) clinical-level binging and/or purging behaviors, and (c) clinical-level restrictive behaviors. Those with subclinical ADHD (both inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive) were more likely to experience subclinical binging and/or purging behaviors but not subclinical restrictive behaviors. Implications of study findings pertain to both secondary/targeted prevention of eating disorders and tertiary prevention via patient-specific treatment plans.
有证据表明儿童注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）与随后的饮食失调存在共病关系。然而，大多数研究是在患者群体中评估这种共病情况，而非在具有全国代表性的样本中进行评估，并且尚未探讨每种疾病亚型之间的差异。本研究旨在通过对青少年健康全国纵向研究（n = 12,262）的二次数据分析，调查临床（即已确诊）和亚临床（即存在相关行为但未满足所有诊断标准）ADHD与饮食失调之间的关联。结果显示，患有临床ADHD的人更有可能经历：（a）临床饮食失调，（b）临床水平的暴饮暴食和/或清除行为，以及（c）临床水平的限制性行为。患有亚临床ADHD（注意力不集中型和多动/冲动型）的人更有可能经历亚临床暴饮暴食和/或清除行为，但不会出现亚临床限制性行为。研究结果的意义涉及饮食失调的二级/针对性预防以及通过针对患者的治疗计划进行三级预防。
