AJS. 2014 Mar;119(5):1221-78. doi: 10.1086/675411.
This study provides a framework for understanding how population composition conditions the relationship between individuals' choices about group affiliation and aggregate patterns of social separation or integration. The substantive focus is the role of income inequality in racial residential segregation. The author identifies three population parameters--between-group inequality, within-group inequality, and relative group size--that determine how income inequality between race groups affects racial segregation. She uses data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to estimate models of individual-level residential mobility and incorporates these estimates into agent-based models. She then simulates segregation dynamics under alternative assumptions about (1) the relative size of minority groups and (2) the degree of correlation between race and income among individuals. The author finds that income inequality can have offsetting effects at the high and low ends of the income distribution. She demonstrates the empirical relevance of the simulation results using fixed-effects, metro-level regressions applied to 1980-2000 U.S. census data.
本研究提供了一个框架，用以理解人口构成如何影响个体对群体归属的选择与群体间社会隔离或融合的总体模式之间的关系。本研究的实质重点是收入不平等在种族居住隔离中的作用。作者确定了三个人口参数——组间不平等、组内不平等和相对群体规模——它们决定了种族群体之间的收入不平等如何影响种族隔离。她使用来自收入动态面板研究的数据来估计个体层面居住流动性模型，并将这些估计纳入基于主体的模型中。然后，她根据（1）少数群体的相对规模和（2）个体中种族和收入之间的相关性程度这两个假设，模拟隔离动态。作者发现，收入不平等在收入分布的高低端可能会产生相互抵消的影响。她使用固定效应、应用于 1980-2000 年美国人口普查数据的大都市层面回归，证明了模拟结果的实证相关性。
