Department of Sociology, University of Washington, 211 Savery Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.
Department of Sociology, Brigham Young University, 2033 JFSB, Provo, UT 84062, United States.
Soc Sci Res. 2020 Feb;86:102396. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2019.102396. Epub 2019 Nov 23.
Considerable research has shown that, in the cross-section, segregation is associated with detrimental neighborhood outcomes for blacks and improved neighborhood outcomes for whites. However, it is unclear whether early-life experiences of segregation shape later-life neighborhood outcomes, whether this association persists for those who migrate out of the metropolitan areas in which they grew up, and how these relationships differ for blacks and whites. Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics from 1979 to 2013, we find that the level of segregation experienced during adolescence is associated with significantly worse neighborhood outcomes in adulthood for blacks. However, migrating out of the metropolitan area an individual grew up in substantially moderates these relationships. In contrast, adolescent segregation is associated with improved, or not significantly different, neighborhood outcomes in adulthood for whites. These findings have important implications for theorizing about the mechanisms linking segregation and neighborhood outcomes and for considering potential means of assuaging racial disparities in harmful neighborhood exposures.
大量研究表明，在横截面上，隔离与黑人的不利邻里结果相关，与白人的改善邻里结果相关。然而，尚不清楚隔离的早期经历是否会影响以后的邻里结果，对于那些从成长的大都市区迁移出去的人来说，这种关联是否仍然存在，以及这种关系在黑人和白人之间有何不同。我们利用 1979 年至 2013 年的收入动态小组研究发现，青少年时期经历的隔离程度与黑人在成年后较差的邻里结果显著相关。然而，一个人从其成长的大都市区迁移出去，会大大缓和这些关系。相比之下，青少年时期的隔离与白人在成年后改善或没有显著差异的邻里结果相关。这些发现对于理论化隔离与邻里结果之间的联系机制以及考虑缓解有害邻里暴露方面的种族差异的潜在手段具有重要意义。
