Infectious Diseases Clinic, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD.
Infectious Diseases Clinic, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD.
Chest. 2014 Jul;146(1):205-214. doi: 10.1378/chest.13-2942.
Pertussis, or whooping cough, has had a dramatic resurgence in the past several years and is the most common vaccine-preventable disease in the world. The year 2012 marked the most cases in the United States in > 50 years. Large outbreaks have occurred in multiple states, and infant deaths have drawn the attention of not only health-care providers but also the media. Although the disease is theoretically preventable by vaccination, it remains a challenge to control. New vaccination strategies have been implemented across different age groups and populations of patients, but vaccine coverage remains dismally low. Acellular vaccines, although safe, do not afford the same long-lasting immunity as the previously used whole-cell vaccine. Ultimately, improvements in the development of vaccines and in vaccination coverage will be essential to decrease the burden of pertussis on society. This article provides a review of pertussis infection and discusses advances related to the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infection, as well as continued areas of uncertainty.
百日咳，又称“天哮呛”，在过去几年中急剧反弹，是目前全球最常见的可通过疫苗预防的疾病。2012 年，美国的百日咳病例数达到了 50 多年来的最高水平。多个州出现了大规模疫情，婴儿死亡不仅引起了医疗保健提供者的关注，也引起了媒体的关注。尽管理论上可以通过疫苗接种预防该疾病，但控制疫情仍然具有挑战性。新的疫苗接种策略已经在不同年龄组和患者群体中实施，但疫苗接种覆盖率仍然很低。虽然无细胞疫苗安全，但它们提供的长期免疫力不如以前使用的全细胞疫苗。最终，疫苗的开发和接种覆盖率的提高对于减轻百日咳对社会的负担至关重要。本文综述了百日咳感染，并讨论了与该疾病的流行病学、诊断、治疗和预防相关的进展，以及持续存在的不确定性领域。
