Universidad de Barcelona (Spain).
Universidad Ramon Llull (Spain).
Span J Psychol. 2014;17:E30. doi: 10.1017/sjp.2014.34.
A sample of 250 students of psychology with an average age of 20.37 years, answered the Flow Q questionnaire indicating their favorite flow activity, and the Spanish version of the Dispositional Flow Scale (DFS). A confirmatory factor analysis assessed the DFS construct validity of the flow model on daily activities. Both a hierarchical model of eight first order factors reflecting a second order global flow factor, and a model with eight formative first order flow dimensions, showed good fit and discriminant power. Most optimal activities were found to be individual and structured, such as studying, reading and certain forms of individual sports. Leisure activities turned out to be more rewarding than studying. Sports displayed more flow, clear goals, merging of action and awareness, and autotelic experience. Reading also showed more flow, balance of challenge and skills, feedback, merging of action and awareness, and loss of self-consciousness. On the other hand, studying displayed less flow, merging of action and awareness, and autotelic experience.
250 名平均年龄为 20.37 岁的心理学专业学生参加了这项研究，他们填写了“心流状态量表”（Flow Q），以表明他们最喜欢的心流活动，以及“倾向性心流量表”（DFS）的西班牙语版本。验证性因素分析评估了心流模型在日常活动中的结构效度。反映二阶整体心流因子的 8 个一阶因子的层次模型，以及 8 个形成性一阶心流维度的模型，均显示出良好的拟合度和区分能力。研究发现，最理想的活动是个人的、结构化的，例如学习、阅读和某些形式的个人运动。休闲活动比学习更有回报。运动显示出更多的心流、清晰的目标、行动和意识的融合以及自足体验。阅读也显示出更多的心流、挑战和技能的平衡、反馈、行动和意识的融合以及自我意识的丧失。另一方面，学习表现出较少的心流、行动和意识的融合以及自足体验。
