Reyes-Becerril Martha, Angulo Carlos, Estrada Norma, Murillo Ylenia, Ascencio-Valle Felipe
Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Mar Bermejo 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23090, Mexico.
Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Mar Bermejo 195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23090, Mexico.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2014 Sep;40(1):208-16. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.06.032. Epub 2014 Jul 8.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary microalgae Navicula sp single or in combination with Lactobacillus sakei on growth performance, humoral immune parameters and intestinal morphology in Pacific red snapper, Lutjanus peru. The experimental fish were grouped into four treatment diets which were a control diet (commercial diet, Control), silage microalgae Navicula sp plus L. sakei (10(6) CFU g(-1), Navicula + L. sakei), lyophilized microalgae (Navicula) and L. sakei (10(6) CFU g(-1), L. sakei). The blood and intestine samples were collected on week 4 and 8. The weight gain showed an additive effect of Navicula + L. sakei at 8 weeks of treatment compared with fish fed control diet. Overall, physiological parameters such as total protein and hemoglobin were increased in fish fed with Navicula and L. sakei diets at 4 and 8 weeks of feeding assay, respectively. There was a significant improvement in immune parameters, principally in myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, total antiproteases activities and IgM in fish fed with Navicula + L. sakei and L. sakei diets at 4 or 8 weeks of treatments. Serum antioxidant capabilities revealed significant increase in phosphatase alkaline, esterase, protease, superoxide dismutase and catalase in groups which received diet supplemented with Navicula + L. sakei and L. sakei diets. Finally, light microscopy observations revealed no effect of experimental diets on microvilli height. Curiously, the presence of vacuoles inside the enterocytes was significant higher in the intestine of L. sakei group after four or six weeks of feeding. Elevated intraepithelial leucocyte levels and melanomacrophages centers were observed in fish fed Navicula or control diets at any time of the experiment. To conclude, the results of the present study demonstrate that the fish that were fed with Navicula + L. sakei or L. sakei diets yielded significantly better immune status and antioxidant capabilities.
本研究旨在评估日粮中添加舟形藻（Navicula sp）单种或与清酒乳杆菌（Lactobacillus sakei）联合添加对秘鲁笛鲷（Lutjanus peru）生长性能、体液免疫参数及肠道形态的影响。将实验鱼分为四组，分别投喂四种日粮：对照日粮（商业日粮，对照组）、青贮舟形藻微藻加清酒乳杆菌（10(6) CFU g(-1)，舟形藻 + 清酒乳杆菌）、冻干舟形藻微藻（舟形藻）和清酒乳杆菌（10(6) CFU g(-1)，清酒乳杆菌）。在第4周和第8周采集血液和肠道样本。与投喂对照日粮的鱼相比，在处理8周时，舟形藻 + 清酒乳杆菌组的体重增加呈现出相加效应。总体而言，在投喂试验的第4周和第8周，分别投喂舟形藻和清酒乳杆菌日粮的鱼，其总蛋白和血红蛋白等生理参数均有所增加。在处理4周或8周时，投喂舟形藻 + 清酒乳杆菌和清酒乳杆菌日粮的鱼，其免疫参数有显著改善，主要是髓过氧化物酶、溶菌酶、总抗蛋白酶活性和IgM。血清抗氧化能力显示，在添加舟形藻 + 清酒乳杆菌和清酒乳杆菌日粮的组中，碱性磷酸酶、酯酶蛋白酶、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶显著增加。最后，光学显微镜观察显示，试验日粮对微绒毛高度无影响。奇怪的是，在投喂4周或6周后，清酒乳杆菌组肠道中肠细胞内空泡的存在显著增多。在实验的任何时间点，投喂舟形藻或对照日粮的鱼中均观察到上皮内白细胞水平升高和黑色素巨噬细胞中心增多。总之，本研究结果表明，投喂舟形藻 + 清酒乳杆菌或清酒乳杆菌日粮的鱼，其免疫状态和抗氧化能力显著更好。
