Azzellino Arianna, Fossi Maria Cristina, Gaspari Stefania, Lanfredi Caterina, Lauriano Giancarlo, Marsili Letizia, Panigada Simone, Podestà Michela
Politecnico di Milano, DICA, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milano, Italy; Tethys Research Institute, viale Gadio, 2, 20121 Milano, Italy.
Dpt. of Physical, Earth and Environ. Sciences, University of Siena, Via PA Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Mar Environ Res. 2014 Sep;100:94-111. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.06.003. Epub 2014 Jun 19.
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) requires the assessment of the environmental status in relation to human pressures. In this study the biodiversity of the cetacean community is proposed as MSFD descriptor of the environmental status and its link with anthropogenic pressures is investigated. Functional groups are generally favoured over indicator species since they are thought to better reflect to anthropogenic stressors. Cetaceans are in many situations the most well known component of pelagic ecosystems. Their habitat requirements are known and can be used to evaluate the theoretical biodiversity that should be expected in a certain area. The deviations between the theoretical biodiversity and the actual biodiversity may be used to detect the impacts of human activities. Based on this analysis fishery resulted to be by far the most significant of the existing pressures. Among all the species, bottlenose dolphin was found the most correlated with the fishery sector dynamics.
《海洋战略框架指令》（MSFD）要求评估与人类压力相关的环境状况。在本研究中，提出将鲸类群落的生物多样性作为MSFD环境状况描述符，并研究其与人为压力的联系。功能组通常比指示物种更受青睐，因为它们被认为能更好地反映人为压力源。在许多情况下，鲸类是远洋生态系统中最广为人知的组成部分。它们的栖息地需求是已知的，可用于评估特定区域预期的理论生物多样性。理论生物多样性与实际生物多样性之间的偏差可用于检测人类活动的影响。基于此分析，渔业被证明是目前现有压力中最显著的。在所有物种中，宽吻海豚被发现与渔业部门动态相关性最高。
